Saint Marc Coalition 1793

The Saint-Marc coalition of 1793 was the counter-revolutionary alignment of white and some free-colored forces in the West Province that denounced the civil commissioners, rejected emancipation, and invited foreign intervention. On November 15, 1793, coalition members signed an act of 'resistance to oppression' denouncing Sonthonax and Polverel; on December 1 Saint-Marc raised the white Bourbon flag and sought the protection of England and Spain; by December 16 the British had entered Saint-Marc. Ardouin uses Savary aine to personify the free-colored split over emancipation — the coalition must be sharply distinguished from the 1792 Council of Peace and Union.