--- Page 1 --- Weekly Every Sunday Haili Sun 10c PONT-AL-PRINCE, MAITI _1 Avenue Marie-Jeanne CITE DUMARSAIS ESTIME - Phone 2061 - Vol XX - Sunday JUNE 17th, 1962 - No.37 Cornell Theatre Group Show June 20th. Defiant Island-Play By.Britisher On King Christophe Haiti Invited To Produced At,Howard.U. Spearfishing Contest British playwright James Forsyth's compelling tragedy of Haitian King Henry Christophe premiered reHaiti has been invited cently at Howard University in Washington. Entitles ong with other Carib- THE DEFIANT ISLAND, the new Forsyth play was bean and Central Americ- performed by the Howard Players, the University's n countries to participate student acting company, with two professional actors. in the leading roles. n a World Skin Diving Coinciding with the 100th an- the Haitian King, and also from Contest set for August 13 niversary of Haitian-American life of Toussaint Louverture, in Miami Florida. relations the premiere perform- to fashion a compelling drama. There is no indication whether nce was played before an au- he Henry of the iti will enter a team in the ace including Haitian Amb- DEFIANT ISLAND Christophe is a ontest which is under the aus- issador to the United States, H. ive who leads his valiant ces. of the National and Inter- :. and Mrs Louis Mars, andJ successful revolt people: in national Skin Diving Champion- Haitian Ambassador to the Or-] ery, only to reenslave against them slavEach p. participating country has nization of American States, again by his own leadership, e right to enter two teams of . E. and Mrs Ernest Bonhom- 'aving proclaimed the resoundne, as well as other members ing challenge, "we defy ree members each. the Haitian diplomatic corps ment!" to the French attempt- enslaveThe "Cornell University Theatre". group to present a night of n Washington. ng to regain control of the-issongs and dances at the Rex Theatre June 20th. Lyceum Presentation Although diverging from his- land. Henry Christophe builds a torical fact, Mr Forsyth drew French word "troquer" is hardFor Bacoulou Dancers pon episodes in the career of (Continued on page 4) Youth Shot To Death In "Cabeche Corridor" On June Tth, 1962 the Troupe Danse Bacoulou d'Haiti gave Dancing "Au Plaisir des Gens Chic"? Closed special performance in the aulitorium of Texas Southern UniAfter Saturday Night Drama rsity. "Cabeche Corridor" Gets The program consisted 'of ten Bad Name Languichatte numbers, given in two parts, A soldier shot to death a with a Fashion Show by Olga young apprentice of the Bound For Silvera between the two halves. Tax Office and Student of Spain The troupe's performance was Philo at the Lycee Petion (Continued on page 16) Saturday night before the Languichatte, Haiti's top night-club "Plaisir des comedian has been invited Gens Chics" and brought to perform in Spain. The Pombo Returning "Cabeche" Corridor back invitation extended to the To (Continued on Argentine page. 5) stage, TV and radio star came from the association Next Month Miss Fisher Take B.A. f Spanish Artists. At Manhattanville Languichatte who has been in- Argentine Ambassador ted in the past to perform in Osvaldo Angel Pombo and Marie Helen Fi- Greece and other European his distinguished wife will sher daughter of] ountries is expected to leave leave Haiti early next Mr and Mrs Kurt T Madrid shortly. He has pre- month and return to BueFisher of Port au red a selection of his numer- 10S Aires. Argentine page. 5) stage, TV and radio star came from the association Next Month Miss Fisher Take B.A. f Spanish Artists. At Manhattanville Languichatte who has been in- Argentine Ambassador ted in the past to perform in Osvaldo Angel Pombo and Marie Helen Fi- Greece and other European his distinguished wife will sher daughter of] ountries is expected to leave leave Haiti early next Mr and Mrs Kurt T Madrid shortly. He has pre- month and return to BueFisher of Port au red a selection of his numer- 10S Aires. Prince received works to present to Spanish Ambassador Pombo came to her Bachelor of diences. Haiti in October 1959 after a year Arts degree att the This week Theodore Beau- as head of his country's mission 121st commence- run, Languichatte, published n neighboring Dominican Repment of Manhatt- is popular play "Anna" : Print- ublic. He is returning to his 1 by Panorama "Anna" went homeland to assume a post in (Continued on page16) n sale for one dollar. a Buenos Aires Chancellery. ANOTHER WHARF also requiring repair is the Casino dock (above) market system is worth reflecProcess Of Intermediation In Haitian tion. Obviously marketplaces are zhere and sellers meet. Marketing buyers By SYDNEY MINTZ The products brought to the mar- (This paper isoanc attempt to] eem to guide the business be- tions, it is primarily a distribut- "barter" are rarely employed in etior to its environs are assdeal coneretely with the: activi- avior of such intermediaries; ive institution, a means for get- these countries. In Haiti, the embled from a wide variety of ties of distributing intermediar- t the formulations to be pre- Eng what is produced to the con- French word "troquer" is hard- physical and occupational sett ings. A total marles in the Haitian internal nted here are tentative. They sumer. Ot course producers are ly known in the countryside, list of the products a be found a keting system. As such, it con- re offered in the hope that they consumers. also;. the. internal while the common Creole word sized Haitian in market even mediumsists in large part of deserip- will raise questions and critic- market is a mechanism for dis- for "barter" or "swap", bou- ve surprisingly would Since proCons of transactions undertaken isms which can be used in shar- tributing via exchange. Though kante, is seldom used, and is these are impressive. assembled by particular middiemen-aetu- pening further field work on. the such exchange occurs through never used to characterize a produets in Lally, in Haiti, "middlwomen" same sorts of problems.) barter in some internal market market transaction. one place, the marketplace it is the mechan- "colwould be. more appropriate- as As an economic institution, an systems, it does so only very But even where money is ubi- 'apsest sm for space; eliminating the have been auand obstacles hey given to the nternal market system fits with- rarely. on the Caribbean islands. quitous necessary for exchfor or as hor, he has witnessed in. the familiar triad of produc- In Haiti, the medium of exchan- ange, exchanges could occur reography seller. poses any the single then. From these cases and tion, distribution, and consump- ge is standard, and takes the without a marketplace; and in time, uyer the or environmental At and same 0Ccthers, it is possible to abstract tion. Though it has wide and form of a national currency. many economies, they do. of Hence thel (Continued on page 6) few general principles which sometimes unexpected ramifica- Even the words for "truck" and' the particular function --- Page 2 --- PAGE 2 HAITISUNT SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 s*Mr Arthur Philips, Proprietor of the Industries Nationales Re- The People's Rising In Haiti This Week unies or Alpha arrived here Surday after spending a few weeks in Texas with Olga Wiener of the Olga Boutique and the Troupe 17th June By AUBELIN JOLICOEUR Bacoulou... As a protest against the forth- ***Youthful Productor and actor Thomas J. ***Mrs. Jacqueline Juliette Elkon Fabius, charming wife of Mr. 2 HAITISUNT SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 s*Mr Arthur Philips, Proprietor of the Industries Nationales Re- The People's Rising In Haiti This Week unies or Alpha arrived here Surday after spending a few weeks in Texas with Olga Wiener of the Olga Boutique and the Troupe 17th June By AUBELIN JOLICOEUR Bacoulou... As a protest against the forth- ***Youthful Productor and actor Thomas J. ***Mrs. Jacqueline Juliette Elkon Fabius, charming wife of Mr. coming rise in working norms, Finnan III and beautiful golden hair actress Reynold Fabius came back Sunday with her newly born child workers in the building trade wife Jan Perry arrived for a four day visit Alain Patrice Mathieu, born on May 23 in New York. Her younger stopped work on the morning of here Wednesday afternoon. sister Claire (Babette) made the trip here with her: . Tune 16th, 1953 in the Stalin AThey were recommanded by Mr. Edward Pe- ***Mary Beth Cosgrove, a secretary in Philadelphia for the Pru- ee and spontaneously marched ra Zone, Jan's father, a U.S. Customer of the dential Insurance Company, the second largest of the world and ff in demonstration. They thus Haitian precious woods, to Mr. Max Fombrun, Greta Passarella, a secretary for Clin Mathieson Chemical Cor- "it the flame of a rebellion Owner of the Store Club. poration in Philadelphia stopped here this week for a few days... against the Communist system Tommy, a Professional theatre producer, Bernard Brown of the Safety and fire protection department of n German soil which inside a owns the Finnan's Plattsburgh Summer The- Du Pont de Nemours in Waynesboro, Va is visiting here this week lay spread like a steppe fire atre in Plattsburgh, N.Y. which presents ali the in company with wife Virginia, they are guests at the rer the whole of East Berlin Broadway shows. in Summer. Jan Perry, former Janice Pera Zone, Lee Pearlman, Manager of Stevens Tours of Miami is Oloffson... d the Soviet-occupied Zone of besides acting, assists her husband in Managing. over the new facilities of the Countries/in view of sending looking Germany, made the regime totThis young and charming couple is enjoying every minute of the here this Summer, she is being taken care of by Mr. Jean clients Peri- er and could only be stifled by visit here.. gord de Paris, Tours Manager of the Southerland... She is guest he mass employment of Soviet ***Charming blonde Ursula Brigitte Groehl, a Student in Inter- at Caribe Hotel... Mr. Bengt G. Sjogren, a free lance rmoured divisions. This was the national Relations at Goucher College in Baltimore, Md. was met a writer from Sweden stopped here this week. The bearded reporter and iginning of a historic series of at the airport Sunday by her parents; her father is a German is preparing a series of articles on the Caribbean... writer -isings against Communist domTechnician at the Filature Brandt. Brigitte will be through with ***Dr. Julie Sulianti, chief of the local services of the nation in the Soviet satellite her studies next year.. ment of Public Health at Jakarta, Indonesia arrived here last Depart- ountries in Europe, continued Jolie" Miss Carole Daniels, daughter of Dr. and Mrs Sos- as guest of Dr. Arnold Wood, Head of the Public Health at week the ree years later in the Poznam thene R. Daniels who just completed her second year of College USAID and his wife. Dr. Wood has worked with Dr. Sulianti when ing and the tragic Hungarian at the Holly Family Academy, in Baltic, Connecticut is back home he was in mission for the U.S. Government in Indonesia a few evolution. for her summer vacations... Oswald J. Brandt, Jr, Fritz Brandt years ago. Dr. Sulianti is now studying advanced Public-Health and sister Sibylle, children of Mr and Mrs Clifford Brandt arrived Tulane University, New Orleans for two years. She has met here in The originally small number Sunday from Canada in company with their cousin Reynold Roy... with Dr. Larimer Mellon, Founder of the Schweitzer Hospital in strikers was joined in a short Richar Wiener, 13, son of Mr. Albert Wiener, was followed here Deschapelles who came specially to see her as it was required' time by thousands, and finally a_few days later by elder brother Jean Pierre, 18. Public-Health and sister Sibylle, children of Mr and Mrs Clifford Brandt arrived Tulane University, New Orleans for two years. She has met here in The originally small number Sunday from Canada in company with their cousin Reynold Roy... with Dr. Larimer Mellon, Founder of the Schweitzer Hospital in strikers was joined in a short Richar Wiener, 13, son of Mr. Albert Wiener, was followed here Deschapelles who came specially to see her as it was required' time by thousands, and finally a_few days later by elder brother Jean Pierre, 18. Both are study- by some friends they have in common in Tulane where Dr. 'ens of thousands of East Berlin Canada. Jean a Mellon ing in Pierre is student of College Jean de Bre- made his medical studies ten years ago. workers. In front of the "House beuf of Montreal... Jean Claude Assali, son of Mr and Mrs Victor Charming Dr. Julie Sulianti is an excellent dancer... f the Ministries", the seat of Assali, a student in economics at Fordham University flew down ***Miss Franca Marta Colabrese and Miss Nell Johnson, two 'e Soviet Zone Government in here early this week for his summer vacations... Lovely Ariel Commercial artists from Cleveland, Ohio are current guests at eipziger Strasse, to which the Assad, daughter of Dr and Mrs Rhindall Assad just completed her the Ibo Lele.. Mr. Malcolm Porter, an Accountant from Wood- demonstrators had marched, the high school studies, she arrived here in vacations Sunday. She bury, New Jersey and wife Margaret and son Malcolm James strike demonstration developed willgo to Boston University in September... Porter, Jr in the U.S. Army at Fort Dickson, N. J. stopped here into a rising against the regime. >**Mr. Wolfgang Peter Grassl just spent a week in Panama City this week for a few days and said that Haiti is their favorite The workers openly demanded was where he attending a convention of the Dealers of the Mer- the Caribbean. Pierre Joseph was their guide here... Mrs spot in the resignation of the governcedes Benz in Central and Latin America... Pinder, from Jacque- nent, free elections and reunilyn a switchboard operator Brooklyn, N.Y. and her fication. The Communist leaders a niece Miss Ellen Wright, an operator for the telephone company ind their executive organs were in Brooklyn. NY. are current guests at the El Rancho. Mrs JacS -X AACE A S quelyn Pinder is an excellent dancer... Mr. Robert Rubin, a Law confused and unsure of themalves. The 16th June ended on IN PETIONVILLE IT's student at Columbia University and his lovely wife Charlotte are he keynote "general strike". guests at the Oloffson. After getting an undergraduate degree in On the morning of 17th June Engineering at Cornell, Bob started studying law and became an East Berlin was like a rebel Ensign at the U.S. Public Health service as a second Lieutenant, amp. From Straussberger Platz HOTEL MONTANA a way to fulfill his military service. Charlotte has an undergra- moved once more a huge produate degree from Cornell in Child Psychology and teaches ele- Pession of demonstrators, immentary school in Manhattan. They were married in New York measurably bigger than the day At yet on June 10... Tom Allmand, a graduate in Engineering from the efore, with revolutionary slog- * u0ofeet altitude. only 7mnules University of Michigan and pretty blonde wife Liz, a student in through the streets from the heart of PORT-AU-PRINCE : married on June are at Oloffson... ns to the a art were 9. They guests the seat of the Zonal Government. Jack Lenchiner, a student in Mathematics at the University of Tork and public transport had * The most exquisite Viewls,oVerlooking hhedily @ California, Los Angeles works for the Zoology Department of the stopped. Overnight the spark of Y University and takes care of electronics as it is applied to rethe bay, the mountains - volt had jumped over to the Marine on way plains,lhe search in biology. He is his to work in England A ther areas of the Soviet Zone for the summer in the same field. seat of the Zonal Government. Jack Lenchiner, a student in Mathematics at the University of Tork and public transport had * The most exquisite Viewls,oVerlooking hhedily @ California, Los Angeles works for the Zoology Department of the stopped. Overnight the spark of Y University and takes care of electronics as it is applied to rethe bay, the mountains - volt had jumped over to the Marine on way plains,lhe search in biology. He is his to work in England A ther areas of the Soviet Zone for the summer in the same field. He is travelling along in the and had set fire especially to * Delicious continental cuisine and superb Caribbean with Herbert Kugel, a student in Maths at the L. A. big Central German indusServide State College... ial centres like Halle-Mersess*Bruno Cyr, a prominent lawyer from Montreal and beautiful Surg, Leipzig, Dresden and Mag- * Personalized attention to every guest. 3@ wife Monique stopped here this weekend for a few days. Mr. Cyr "aburg. The local centres of 7 is on a business trip. Monique is a fabulous dancer.. Communist administration and ***Colonel Thomas Tighe and his wife Margaret and his three ower were plunged into proSWimming Poolwith Luncheon Lounge 91 boys left this week after three years here with the U.S. Naval Sund confusion and were in Terrade Mission.. Mr. Margarito C. Baca, Business Manager of the Scisp some cases disintegrating. Aland Bar : Panorama is back here this week... Don Smith, son of the Executive Officer ready the rebels were beginning Air-donditioned de-luxe rooms of the USAID, Mr. Clinton L. Smith is vacationing here with his to form local councils and make parents... ontact with one another. EE k* *2* Gentille" Marie Tonnie Apollon, daughter of Mr. Hosnherre In this situation the Soviet OCApollon flew to the U.S. this week to study at the Cambridge "pying power intervened with WEEKLY ENTERTAINMENT PROGRAM School of Business, Inc of New York. masses m ilitary means. Its ***Mr. Frantz Max Bazelais, in the U.S. Army for his military ainks occupied the Eastern secTUESDAY :Informal Créole Bulfet Dancing from service, arrived here last March, got engaged and married pretty of" Berlin and the industrial 7:30 PM fo Chantal Lebrun in a religious ceremony held at the Sacre Coeur fes in the Soviet Zone of OcMeringue and Conlest Church Saturday June 9. Colonel Max Bazelais, father of the groom "Dation, and stifled the people's at9:30 Cosualdress.No odmissionfee and Mrs. Paule Lebrun, mother of the bride were best Man and rising in blood and terrorism. WEDNESDAY: Complimentary get-together Punchbowl Matron of honor. Frantz and Chantal spent their honeymoon at The Communist regime was Parly from 7pm fo 8pm. the Villa Caprice in Furey.. again able to consolidate its FRIDAY :Gala Dinner-Donte from 7:30Pm to FOR SALE power. 1:30 a.m. Superb Showot 10:30 Ge Since the crushing of the peoNo admission fee ple's revolt of 17th June 1953, May tag Washer--Wringer Sewing Machine Portable 150.00 have also the motives and deALL OTHER dlidurs:Cocklal hour frem7i9 with Type $125.00 Small Ice Chest 7.00 mands been removed which native Combo R Cooking Stove-Tropic Gas 200.00 caused the revolt? During the 60 Toaster-F Foostmaster Make 15.00 Contact Sgt. William C. Benton nast nine years the Communist Mixer portable Sun Beam 20.00 18 Debussy, Port au Prince system in Central Germany has Elec. Fry pan 25.00 Next Door to Max Theophile. (Continued on page 15) dlidurs:Cocklal hour frem7i9 with Type $125.00 Small Ice Chest 7.00 mands been removed which native Combo R Cooking Stove-Tropic Gas 200.00 caused the revolt? During the 60 Toaster-F Foostmaster Make 15.00 Contact Sgt. William C. Benton nast nine years the Communist Mixer portable Sun Beam 20.00 18 Debussy, Port au Prince system in Central Germany has Elec. Fry pan 25.00 Next Door to Max Theophile. (Continued on page 15) --- Page 3 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAITISUN PAGE 3 INSPECTION AT ODVA ATTENTION! YOU... Wednesday, O.D.V.A. received tijJoseph report the visit of two outstanding American personalities, Mr. John K. Who Love Your Pets Mansfield, Inspector General for NOW AVAILABLE 'oreign Assistance at the Deartment of State and his AssFresh Rabies Vaccine tant Mr. Nat B. King. Flea-Go-Powder & Liquid Soap They arrived by helicopter afr visiting Peligre Dam and its (fleas, ticks and lice) Our colleague Max Chauvet, Dir sctor-Administrator of the daily istallations. of At the derivationOther Veterinary newspaper "Le Nouvelliste" flew. to New York this week on a am Canneau, they were wel Supplies health-trip... Last week, the Secret: ry of State for National Educa- omed by the following people: CLAUDE MARTIN tion sent to the Central Office of Kenovation Nationale four checks e Agronomist ODVA Director-Administrat- Roger K. Canta20 Rue Bonne Foi $650.29; $58.40; $39.35; $6.00, repr esenting the contributions of the the Technical Director, Mr. students of the Capital for the "Mouvement de Renovation Natio- harles B. Wiggin; by technical nale".r Frenchwoman Mme Jean- Jacques Hermantin, the former dvisor of ODVA, Agronomist Amelie Brun, established in Haiti for 75 years ago, feted her cen- eonard Brooks; IECO Vice-Pretennial last Saturday. She was S irrounded of her children and lent, Mr. Shockley; IECO Ma- WATCHES OF GREAT DISTINCTION grandchildren among whom were: Mme. Max Antoine, Mme. Jean iger in Haiti, Engineer Georges AND Tassy, Gerard and Jean Hermantin, Dr Rolant and Raoul Guillau- radshaw. TO GIVE WEAR WITH PRIDE me, the Freres Dor, Paul and Paula Hermantin, Mme. Max Hen- Messrs. Mansfield and Brooks OPER rys, Mme Gustave Sylva, etc... Mireille Gentil and Lionel Elie pected the workyards of the were married at Sacre Coeur Chur ch Saturday June 16th at 6:30 itional Engineering Co. (IECO) - - p.m... Mr Douglas G. Crew, the syr ipathique Director of SHELL in n the Area No. 1 of the Artibo- - Haiti returns from a trip on June 5th. He was welcomed at the ite Plain where drainage and - airport by the members of the high personnel of the SHELL and irrigation works are going on defriends... Mr. Clomard Joseph Charles, Director General of the pendent of the Loan No. 58 of "Banque Commerciale d'Haiti" and wife flew by Pan Air to U.S. the Development Loan Fund. last. Satur -dny., Last week, the different Colleges and Lycees of They have extended their vithe Capital went on their traditional yearly pilgrinage at the "Cha- it to the Riviere Salee overflow, pelle Notre-Dame dn Ferpetuel Secours" on Bel-Air.. Dr. F. Les- o cooperatives plantations of the pinasse, ancient foreign Assistant of Hospitals of Paris made a gift "ifth rural section of St. Marc, of his recent work titled "KYSTE A L'OVAIRE" to the specialized realized by USAID and to the library of the Public Health Department attached at the division Pont Sonde Garage. Colleges and Lycees of They have extended their vithe Capital went on their traditional yearly pilgrinage at the "Cha- it to the Riviere Salee overflow, pelle Notre-Dame dn Ferpetuel Secours" on Bel-Air.. Dr. F. Les- o cooperatives plantations of the pinasse, ancient foreign Assistant of Hospitals of Paris made a gift "ifth rural section of St. Marc, of his recent work titled "KYSTE A L'OVAIRE" to the specialized realized by USAID and to the library of the Public Health Department attached at the division Pont Sonde Garage. of Scientific Researches... The virtuoso Marguerite Borno will give After the two American Techa recital of piano Tuesday June 19th at 7:45p.m., in the auditorium nicians were honored with lunch of the French Institute... Last week, several teachers received the offered them by Mr. and Mrs. insigns and diplomas of National Education Order. They are: MM. Leonard Brooks at their Pont Ref-7317 <NecPlus Ultra) ofselfwinding Adrien Douyon, Carmel Jn- Baptiste, Antoine Decayette, Antoine Sonde residence, they had talks watches - 39 Jewels Gyrotron powered. Tassy, Francois O'Nelle, Jean Claude, Emmanuel Domingue, Louis t Borel and Deschapelles with See the superb 1960 Girard-I -Perregaux Dalencours, Marc Dutailly, Adrien Edouard, Raoul Frederic, Rene he American technicians and <Selectionx models at foremost jewellers, Deslandes, Ulrick Jn-Bart, Camoens Corner, Mme Antoine Coicou, officials concerning works underMme Cuvier Leroy, Melle Simone Latortue... Capitaine Gabart Jon- taken in the Artibonite Plain. (From (Le Nouvelliste") (Continued on page 15) EXTERMINATING RATS IN GIRARD-PERREGAUX THE ARTIBONITE Fine Waiches Sil ince 1791 Under the guidance of Specialist E. Bernard, ODVA has inRex Theater tensified its campaign for the ourpose of exterminating rats all over the Artibonite Plain. Baits ONSALE AT THE Vme. LAVINIA WILLIAMS YARBOROUGH and traps have been placed on habitations of the five agriculSTORES tural districts of BETTER the plain in view of a massive extermination rats. The campaign was intensified ODVA, because of the coming - o 2 ce harvest which will start at a end of the month of June and 3 promises to be better than averre. a Translation from "LE JOUR?) ( * * * DESDUNES' COOPERATIVES $ Esso We have been told that the a problem of the Cooperatives of Desdunes is going to resolve it- a elf. a The Attorney-General of the à Civil Court of St. Marc went to LA ESSO STANDARD OIL S. A. Desdunes accompanied by landLIMITED urveyors, ODVA solicitors and nterested parties, for the purVOUS OFFRE "ose of locating 31 portions of and among the thousand includ1 in Desdunes Grande Place. UNE PROTECTION EXTRA So, the 200 cooperative peasnts of Desdunes have been able UNE ECONOMIE EXTRA proceed with the harvest of PRESENTS eir ripe rice sO that it can be 8 AVEC ESSO EXTRA Iried and decorticated. -FRIDAY JUNE 22nd 7:45 p.m. This decision constitutes a real S The 3 Acts of THE SLEEPING BEAUTY" Ballet ncouragement for thousands of MOTOR OIL PREMIUM L Entrance: Reserved Seats: $2.00 ooperative members and com- A General Admission: $1.00 unity associations organized by 6 DANS LE FERBLANC DORE ODVA in the Artibonite Plain. rice sO that it can be 8 AVEC ESSO EXTRA Iried and decorticated. -FRIDAY JUNE 22nd 7:45 p.m. This decision constitutes a real S The 3 Acts of THE SLEEPING BEAUTY" Ballet ncouragement for thousands of MOTOR OIL PREMIUM L Entrance: Reserved Seats: $2.00 ooperative members and com- A General Admission: $1.00 unity associations organized by 6 DANS LE FERBLANC DORE ODVA in the Artibonite Plain. à TICKETS SOLD AT: Librairie La Caravelle, Rex Theater, Lavinia (Translation from Williams' School of Ballet on the Champ de Mars. LE NOUVELLISTE") o < X 000 --- Page 4 --- PAGI 4 HAITISUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 Defiant ON LEARNING FIRST AID (Continued from page 5) Island-Play But only in the Guides and Scouts is First Aid taught (Continued from page 1) Mr. Forsyth, a British play-] vere its 1951 tour of Norway, in Haiti. wright whose previous works Denmark, Sweden and Germais citadel to protect his people and have been presented profession- y as the first student exchange This subject so important that not only should it ards off the European invasion lly in London and New York, group from the United States, be taught to students in every school in the Republic, threats. Setting out to rule the those Howard University as the and its 1955 premier perform but it should also be taught in adult education classes, land, he is impelled by the dream site of his play's premiere for ance of the first play by James in rural centers; and demonstrations should be conofa great kingdom for his peo- several reasons. Not only is Baldwin, a noted North Americ- ducted for the general public throughout the ple-one in which the old su- Howard an outstanding Negro jan author. In cases of drowning or in an accident, country. perstitions would be banished educational institution in the properly-apom the island. The force anu ited States, but Drama pro- Playing the part of Henry plied First Aid has time and again saved lives which severity with which he imposes fessor Owen Dodson, the play's Christophe was Clayton Gorbin, otherwise would have bene lost. Especially in the Carhis views of how the kingdom's irector, has an international re- who has appeared on Broadway ibbean where medical services are so pitifully inadeiuture should be shaped, how- putation as a poet, playwright ind in theaters throughout the quate where doctors are so few and hospitals hopelessly ever, only leads to a new form nd novelist, and is the reci- United States, as well as in nu- insufficient, citizens should know how to each of His of help tyranny. people, realizing pient: fellowships and awards) merous television productions. In other in cases of injury or accident. that they are slaves once again, 1 recognition of his creative ta-1 he role of his queen, Marie There is no better for these defy his ban of voodoo, place a nts. The university atmosph- Louise Christophe, was Altredway citizens to know curse on him, and attempt to ere also provided a favorable ine Brown, whose previous ex- than by learning young. um him to death. They fail iting in which to refine and perience includes appearances but the king is made aware Oi sharpen the script. with professional, university and The tiniest children should start learning the basic his tragic mistake. He rises community acting companies. principles of medica! emergency measures from their above his own failure, neverthe- The Defiant Island premiere The Howard University Dra- first class in schooi, and, as their education less, and to show the people marked another "first" in the ia Department hopes that Haiti in other respects, SO should their progresses that his death was not caused .ong tradition of the Howard may be the site of a repeat per- Aid increase. knowledge of First by their superstitious beliefs, he Players, one of the oldest stud- formance of THE DEFIANT IStakes his own life as they lool ent acting groups in the United LAND some time in the near States. The Defiant Island premiere The Howard University Dra- first class in schooi, and, as their education less, and to show the people marked another "first" in the ia Department hopes that Haiti in other respects, SO should their progresses that his death was not caused .ong tradition of the Howard may be the site of a repeat per- Aid increase. knowledge of First by their superstitious beliefs, he Players, one of the oldest stud- formance of THE DEFIANT IStakes his own life as they lool ent acting groups in the United LAND some time in the near States. Among other landmarks ature, In larger countries where medical services have reached such a high degree of efficiency, education authorities recognize the necessity of teaching First Aid. Yet here in Haiti, where our doctors are constantiy battling against o'd, ont-dated equipment, inadequate AGRICULTURE'S CHALLENGE. AND OPPORTUNITYI space and supplies our schootchildren are allowed to - grow into maturity and call themselves educated men e and women without the slightest knowledge of the basic principl'es of this important science-of how to aid a fellowman in distress. ASRAM Improve your land, increase your efficiency EA TARAS More people are eating and living better than ever before, wearing better clothing, living in better homes, TROPIGAS requiring more goods and services. To meet the challenge of today's expanding population TROPICAL GAS COMPANY, INC. with its growing appetite, agriculture must provide new land for Makes everyday a "Holiday" in your kitchen... Use the *Gold Star Award" winner, the TROPIGAS range. crops-while existing farm lands must produce an No finer range anywhere today. EFFLEX TOP BURNER A single flame with even greater measure of food and fiber. countless accurate stages of adjustment for every cooking need from fast boiling or frying down to gentle boiling. Helping farmers and governmental bodies meet the chalEQUAFLO OVEN BURNER Makes possible new perfection. Heat is spread in a rectangular pattern. the lenge, are versatile, productive Caterpillar track-type Tractors shape of the oven and broiler. No hot center, no cold corners. with tool bars, tillage tools, E bulldozers and scrapers; helping in addition, are Cat Motor Graders. These PIN POINT PILOTS Cool, economatie Pin Point Pilots are only one third the size of ordinary pilots machines clear land of trees and rocks, move earth a flame SO tiny it keeps range cool in any weather, and to form fields, build dams, break new ground, prepare seedbeds, saves you money, too. build roads. HUGE OVEN with visualite window. LIFT TOP BURNER and PULL-OUT BROILER for Have your Caterpillar Dealer easier, more thorough cleaning. ECONOTROL BURNER makes every ustensils aushow you the equipment best designed to tomatic. improve your land, increase the efficiency of your farming opera- Lifetime guarantee of all burners. Too many features to list here. You must see it to tion to meet your challenge and opportunity! appreciate it. Easy terms too. TROPICAL GAS COMPANY, INC. HAYTIAN TRACTOR & EQUIPMENT Co. S. A. RUE PAVEE --- Page 5 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAITI SUN PAGE 5 HAITI SUN must be enlarged to give the opportunity of higher! YOUTH SHOT learning to more of her sons and daughters point to the THE HAITIAN ENGI L ISH LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER terrific expense entailed in the enlargement work and IN CABECHE Community Weekly Published Sunday Morning adding to the faculty. Editor- Publisher BERNARD DIEDERICH As important as enlargement of the University they CORRIDOR Gerant- Responsable MAUC L LAIR LABISSIERE also note is the provision that will keep the graduates ESTABLISHED IN 1950 in the country at the service of their community and (Continued from page 1) not drain them off abroad because of lack of opportunity at home. IAN ENGI L ISH LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER terrific expense entailed in the enlargement work and IN CABECHE Community Weekly Published Sunday Morning adding to the faculty. Editor- Publisher BERNARD DIEDERICH As important as enlargement of the University they CORRIDOR Gerant- Responsable MAUC L LAIR LABISSIERE also note is the provision that will keep the graduates ESTABLISHED IN 1950 in the country at the service of their community and (Continued from page 1) not drain them off abroad because of lack of opportunity at home. Our technicians and trained men have THIRST FOR HIGHER EDUCATION become an export crop to the Congo, Canada, U.S. and into the news as one of UNQUENCHED Latin American countries because the community can- Poste Marchand's most 110not support them. torious alley-ways. * On July 2nd some 3,084 stadents will present themSoldier Simon, according to the selves at the various examination centers in the Capital version he gave his superiors and sit for their Baecalaureat Ist and 2nd part. ON LEARNING FIRST AID and published Tuesday by "LE In last minute preparation for the exams the public MATIN", emptied his revolver squares and street corners that offer cool evening Academically, few could dare to challenge the excel- into the youth whom he accused students lence of the Haitian school and even of playing the part of "meneur" breeze and electric light are dotted with swatsystem, fewer would demand its overhaul, perhaps its of a group of "hot heads" who ting for the crucial degree that, for many, holds the tion to serve the entire community. except, exten- ittempted to disarm him. key of their future. But there are other things in life that Identified by "LE NOUVEL The sacrifices of students, cspecially their parents in should boys and girls LISTE" as the Orderly of the the ranks of our peasantry, poor and middle-class are know, besides, the fourth root of "y" or the Minister of Justice, not the chaufHegelian dialectic. And sometimes the more practical, feur, Simon and Jacques Mathulegendary. if less academic, knowledge is that which rin were involved in a "dispute It has been calculated that most of the students who most useful. comes in lue to love" according to the fill our University today are from families with meager evening paper. means, and rany date this nationwide thirst for know- This has been dramatically illustrated time and again ledge to thie neriod when Minister of Education Du- here. Not SO many years ago a group of teen-age child- In reporting the crime, "LE marsais Estime, nearly two decades ago, multiplied the ren Stood helpless as a collegue died after being res- JOUR" traced the events in Corlycees and gave impetus to education in the ranks of cued from drowning because they did not know what ridor "Cabeche" that "make the less privileged citizens. to do to save her life. many wonder whether the badye hangs over this coridor that When the boy was pulled ashore still alive and there aS been the scene of three horThat the sacrifices of poorer Haitian parents are is a possibility that prompt action by someone versed rible crimes todate". legendary is illustrated by the fact that a "marchande in First Aid could have saved her life, but there was fritaille" in the Capital has a son attending post gra- no-one there who knew how to render artificial respira- "Ten years and five days duate school in France today while another parent who tion. ago," Le Jour stated, "at the de opening of this passage, a woman earned as little as twenty-five dollars a month gave an In most other countries of the world, First Aid cour- was stabbed to death by her education to seven children, three obtained university ses are included in the school curriculum, together with dagger wielding husband. This degrees and one distinguishing himself at the Sorbonne. other subjects such as domestie-science, sewing or far- rime of passion made a lot of The search for knowledge; knowledge that will per- ming. oise in June 1952", the evening mit them to face the future with optimism is becoming It is ironic that the dead girl was the only member aily stated. a month gave an In most other countries of the world, First Aid cour- was stabbed to death by her education to seven children, three obtained university ses are included in the school curriculum, together with dagger wielding husband. This degrees and one distinguishing himself at the Sorbonne. other subjects such as domestie-science, sewing or far- rime of passion made a lot of The search for knowledge; knowledge that will per- ming. oise in June 1952", the evening mit them to face the future with optimism is becoming It is ironic that the dead girl was the only member aily stated. every day more pressing at this time when scientific of the party which went to the sea that day who could "Closer, on November of last and economic evolution of the people demands the max- have saved a drowning person. She was a girl-Guide year, after a dispute; a chief of imum of knowledge. and, according to her former schoolmates, she was de- the "Titato" carnival band was voted and skillful. slain by a soldier in the dancing The middle class. for sometime, has awaken to this First Aid, one of the first courses given to Guides "Au Plaisir des Gens Chics" lostate of affairs. A new wind seems to blow on the minds and Scouters, was naturally one of the young girl's cated in the from corridor about 30 in the public road." fathers meters of the in this class. Whether they are office boys, strong points. "Saturday at midnight, the artisans or minor commercial employees, they have al (Continued on page 4) same corridor was again the unique ideal, a single motto: "marcher avec un seul scene of a terrible incident, the pantalon" (go with only one pair of pants), sO that the 19999ws result of which is one death; bread of instruction be available to their "baton de rooer young Jacques Mathurin Livet FRIDAY NIGHT vieillesse" (old age stick), their children. and one injured; Mechanic Yves a Joseph. The learning of modern young women nolonger halts à ( at "Certificat d'Etudes Primaires" and sewing as it did a ( "A commission of Inquiry has our their grandmothers' time. As men, they take the a FAMOUS CREOLE BUFFET 81 P.M. opened an investigation into the road of science. They are a part of all our universities: a NATIVE FLOOR SHOW 9 P.M: drama, ,) but added Le Jour, "the Medical school, Dental school, Engineering school, Tea- ( DANCING dancing 'For the Pleasure of Chic TO THE MUSIC OF THE has been closed to the I chers' college, National schoo! of International Higher CASTEL COMBO UNTIL Types' satisfaction of the families of Studies, etc.. P.M. Corridor 'Cabeche' and Poste However, besides the enthusiasm of this youth, thirs- 6600000000e 6e06000600 Marchand." d for knowledge, besides the stubborn determination of U = these brave fathers who give their body and soul for FOCUSING, COMPOSING AND the education of their children, a crucial question may EXPOSURE SETTING IN ONE Once COMMON VIEWERNikon be asked: they get their degree, what's going to become of these bacheliers? They will probably choose QUALITY to go to University. Very well. But is our university OFFERED able to satisfy all the applicants? REFLEX CAMERA WITH IN Of the 3,084 who will go to the Baccalaureat only 500 NIKKOR 50mm F:2.5 LENS. of those who pass the second part may be admitted to 35mm SINGLE -LENSMEDIUM PRICE the University. CAMERA ! So the drama today is that even with a Baccalaureat degree a student's chances for a University eduNikkorex fstion are dim, and he may face the prospect of searching hopelessly for a job serving in a store or joining New LITTLE multitude At: EUROPE the of apprentice mechanics. Few have the financial possibilities to attend Universities abroad. THE HOME OF EXQUISITE GIFTS Those who. point out that the University of Haiti pass the second part may be admitted to 35mm SINGLE -LENSMEDIUM PRICE the University. CAMERA ! So the drama today is that even with a Baccalaureat degree a student's chances for a University eduNikkorex fstion are dim, and he may face the prospect of searching hopelessly for a job serving in a store or joining New LITTLE multitude At: EUROPE the of apprentice mechanics. Few have the financial possibilities to attend Universities abroad. THE HOME OF EXQUISITE GIFTS Those who. point out that the University of Haiti --- Page 6 --- PAGE 6 HAITI SUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 PROCESS OF INTERMEDIATION IN HAITIAN MARKETING place on a market day and, accompanying this, the remarkable h mbers of independent intermediaries, each self employed, who conduct business operations. This petty scale of operations has a (Continued from page 1) jneeds to acquire other necessities immediately. At a later time, pervasive quality in Haitian economic life. Not only distribution, as Berrouet discovered, and first pointed out in the Metraux mono- but production and consumpton as well, take place in "little bites. cupational settings from which graph on Marbial Valley, he is confronted with the need to buy Distribution fits with the producing and consuming patterns of the products are assembled differ in back what he sold at an earlier time, often at a higher price. The economy; the internal market system gears into small-scale prosuch considerations as altitude, market has indeed provided him with buying power; but where duction, dispersed demand, low labor costs, and irregular and rainfall, topography, and crop he must later buy back the same kind of stock at a higher price. modest per capita and per. family income and consumption. The seasons. Mangoes, to take one this buying power was provided at a cost. The cost lies in the web of intermediaries who power the distributive system, as it minor illustration, are obtainable differential between the selling price and the repurchase price of were, are of great interest for the way they seem to appreciate almost year round in Haiti, but his original stock, and is measurable in cash. But it could perhaps the basic economic characteristics of Haitian society, and because they do not grow for more than be considered as credit, with interest; or as a storage fee upon of their capacity to find niches within the distributive process a season of variable Jength in the stock the peasant has "deposited" in the market system. The which they can fill. It is to this matter of finding and filling disny single environment. Just as peasant undertakes this maneuver for two major reasons: firstly, tributive-niches that I wish to turn now. the marketplace' negates the his inability to store certain products successfully; and secondly space factor, then, it also neg- and more importantly, his persisting lack of sufficient cash. If Some of those who come to market are at any one time ates the time factor, by assemb- the product he holds in temporary surplus is, for instance, millet, only; have cash with which to immediate buyers ling the products of different he has no means to store it successfully, even if he had sufficient they buy for consump- "calendars" in one place. capital to avoid selling it off, When he buys back millet some tion, and nothing to sell. Others are sellers only; they need nothing months after selling it, he buys an unspoiled product. The market for the moment, but they are able to acquire cash or capital by Since barter is absent in these has, SO to speak, stored his millet for him, and charged him a selling what they have. But between these two categories are markets, buyers need cash in storage fee, if he buys back at a higher price. One might say, as those who do not produce (or at least are not primarily producers) order to conduct their business, Bauer and Yamey have in referring to a somewhat different phe- but who stand between buyer and seller, between producer and while producer-sellers aim at. for the moment, but they are able to acquire cash or capital by Since barter is absent in these has, SO to speak, stored his millet for him, and charged him a selling what they have. But between these two categories are markets, buyers need cash in storage fee, if he buys back at a higher price. One might say, as those who do not produce (or at least are not primarily producers) order to conduct their business, Bauer and Yamey have in referring to a somewhat different phe- but who stand between buyer and seller, between producer and while producer-sellers aim at. ac- nomenon in West African marketing, that the peasant is paying for consumer. These intermediaries, as I have said elsewhere, are no quiring buying power. In addi- "transport in time." This simple pair of transactions, then, of homogeneous group by any means; the characteristics they share tion. if a form of credit is ins- selling in and buying back, has implications related to the acqui- are in their economic function, broadly conceived. In practice, titutionalized, both buyers and sition of buying power; to the lending money or the granting of there is considerable economic activity in and around the market prodtucer-sellers, as well as any credit; and to the payment (at times) of an interesting kind of in which they have no part. Two significant (and significantly intermediaries between them, storage fee. Naturally the millet the peasant buys back is not the different) examples will demonstrate this. A Haitian peasant wife may be able to make use of it. identical millet he sold in. In all probability the millet he sold who never works as an intermediary comes to market to buy Credit appears to take several in has long been consumed by some other peasant, who acquired several tomatoes or on'ons, and a piece of yam or few sweet different forms in Haitian intern- his buying power by selling in some other prodûet, or the same potatoes or. green banaras. She may make no other single pural marketing, some of which can product at yet another season. Not only does the market telescope chase for cash during the period of a week or more; her total be described here. First, how- time and space; it serves also to bring what is needed to the expenses in cash, for that period, may be less than U.S. twenty ever, it may be useful to say place where it is needed at the proper time. Admittedly, the mech- cents. At the moment she does not need (or cannot afford) to buy something of cash buying. Where anism sometimes brings too much, and sometimes. too little. cooking utensils; or cloth or shoes; or salt cool or flour. Her hustransactions are for cash, sales band does not need a machete or hoe blade; her basket is in good nlace buying power immediately Credit, in the usual or conventional sense, is advanced ander a repair; there is a crop in. To buy what she needs, she carries sev: in the hands of the seller. Mali- wide variety of circumstances in the Haitian internal marketing eral pineapples, or a small quantity of avocadoes, or a basket of nowsky. and De la Fuente, in system. Since some of- the practices for extending credit will be mangoes to market. She sells them during the course of the day their monograph on the markets discussed in detail at a later point, little need be said of them here, and with the money, she buys what she needs and returns home. of the Oaxaca region, Mexico, But it may be noted that credit is extended by whole-saler inter- Ir she has sold her stock to another consumer, no intermediary stress the utility of the market mediaries to peasant producers; by wholesaler intermediaries to has entered into the transaction. If she buys from another produeer, as a source of supply of buying retailers; by importers to rural wholesalers and retailers; artd in no intermediary has entered into that transaction, either. This wer. In Haiti, the same pheno- other connections as well. It will also be noted that commission would illustrate transactions without intermedianes. However, it menon occurs of course, but buying, often on.a minuscule scale, is common. In operations of must be added immediately that such a pair -of transactions would some of its forms are particular- these sorts, the question of interest will be raised, though I have be exceedingly rare. as a source of supply of buying retailers; by importers to rural wholesalers and retailers; artd in no intermediary has entered into that transaction, either. This wer. In Haiti, the same pheno- other connections as well. It will also be noted that commission would illustrate transactions without intermedianes. However, it menon occurs of course, but buying, often on.a minuscule scale, is common. In operations of must be added immediately that such a pair -of transactions would some of its forms are particular- these sorts, the question of interest will be raised, though I have be exceedingly rare. If this woman sells to one who is not au ly interesting. The Haitian peas- discouragingly little concrete information as yet on this. consumer-to-be, then an intermediary enters into the process; the ant, in search of cash for immesame is true if she buys from someone who is not a producer, diate needs, often sells off proMoreover, if she buys anything which has come a long distance, ts he would prefer to keep on One of the prevailing characteristics of commercial activity in which is not presently in season in her home region, which is pernd for future constumption if the Haitian internal marketing system is its exceedingly modest ishable or fragile, or which has been processed, the likelihood of he could.He does SO because he scale. One notes_ the immense number of transactions which take her buying it from intèrmediary rather than producer is very much inereased. The second example of transactions in which internal market R X - v intermediaries do not enter is very different in character; it has V to do with economic activity which accompanies the market, SO to speak, but'is not part of it. World market crops, such as coffee, a sisal, lemon peels, and vetiver root, rarely enter the Haitian interGRACE LIN E nal markets unless their quality falls short of export standards. @ These export staples move through special chains of licensed FARE FOR HAITI a buyerintermediaries who are in most cases men, and who maintain thejr places of business near the market, but outside it. However, One Class their activities relate directly to the market. Normally peasants ceme to town with their stocks of export items on market day. NEW YORK PORT.AU-PRINCE (DEPART They stop at the buying posts (Creole: poste dacha) before going EVERY FRIDAY): to market: they acquire their buying power or some part of it by selling their coffee, sisal or other produets there. The intermediaries who take part in this process lie outside the marketplace OCARGO SHIPS (12 PASSENGERS) $135 ALL YEAR and normally their activities and those of the market are wholly ( separate, although they naturally are interrelated economically. COMBO-SHIPS (52 PASSENGERS) FROM $155 a Certain transactions which involve internal market resellers also PORT AU PRINCE NEW YORK(DEPARTEVERY SUNDAY) take place outside the confines of the marketplace though the buyS ers are regular intermediaries. For instance, those peasants who S bring stocks to market which are to be handled through the internà LUXURY SHIPS: SANTA ROSA SANTA PAULA al market system frequently sell off these stocks before reaching 3300 PASSENGERS FARE FROM 8195.00 X the market itself. Intermediaries who are acquiring goods for re- @ - sale in other centers in cities or distant regions- often station a themselves along. the roads and paths to the marketplace INFORMATION OFOR leading on market day, and seek to buy up their stocks outside the market's confines. This maneuver often proves mutually beneficial-the peas- ( ant unloads his goods swiftly, and often in a single transaction, Nadal while the reselling intermediary (Creole: revendeuze) acquires her goods without The intermediaries can & "shopping.". carry this even Joseph Co OR YOUR TRAVEL farther by seeking out the peasant producers on other than market or distant regions- often station a themselves along. the roads and paths to the marketplace INFORMATION OFOR leading on market day, and seek to buy up their stocks outside the market's confines. This maneuver often proves mutually beneficial-the peas- ( ant unloads his goods swiftly, and often in a single transaction, Nadal while the reselling intermediary (Creole: revendeuze) acquires her goods without The intermediaries can & "shopping.". carry this even Joseph Co OR YOUR TRAVEL farther by seeking out the peasant producers on other than market AGENTS X0 X X X ceeeee66660 € (Continued on pago 11) --- Page 7 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAITI SUN PAGE 2 TELE-HAITI WEEKLY SCHEDULE 7-dspm-Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events LUNCH DINE HAVE FROM JUNE 18th TO JUNE 24th, 1962 8:00pm-Sea Hunt COOKTAILS 8. 30pm-Le Dernier des Mohicans presented by "Eanque Com- Excellent Lobster Dishes Monday JUNE 18th, 1962 mciale dHaiti" A SPECIALITY 5:30pm--Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) 9:00pm--Telenews (2nd edition) Summary of the late news, pre 5-Sopm-Evening General Program Schedule & Weather Report sented by the Esso Reporter 6:00pm-Let's Learn English 9:00pm-Tele-Sport By The Sea-Side 6-40pm-Chidren's program 9:30pm-Gun Smoke At 7:00pm10:00pm-Close of program National Anthem KYONABEACH 7:30pm-Children's program (2nd part) Saturday JUNE 23rd, 1962 Have Your Party At 7:4 45pm--Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events 5:30pm--Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) K YO N A 8:00pm-The Ford Show, new series: FURIE 6:0pm-Presentation of Evening Program Swim, Spearfish, Snorkle, 8:30pm-Alfred Hitcheock presents. 6:05pm-Let's Learn English Review of the courses of the week Water-Ski And Sail 3:00pm-Telenews (2nd edition) Summary of the late news, pre- 7:0pm--Children's Program Wells Fargo Tales and (artoons. In Safe Coastal Waters sented by the Esso Reporter 7:48pm--Telenews (Ist edition) Review of the day's events From KYONA 9:05pm-Powell Industrial Works' weekly program: "I Love Lucy" 8:00pm-OUR MISS BROOKS DEEP-SEA FISHING 9:30pm-TV Concert f 8:30pm-Pan American, World Airways Program: Ici Interpol EXOURSIONS 10:00pm-Close of program National Anthem 9:00pm-Telenews (2nd edition) Summary of the late news, presented by the Esso Reporter Tuesday JUNE 19th, 1962 9:0spm-German Actualities with Gerard Jolibois 5:30pm--Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) 9:20pm-Tele-Sport 5:5spm-Evening General Program Schedule 10:00pm-Close of program National Anthem 6:00pm-Let's Learn English du 6:35pin-Children's Program Sunday JUNE 24th, 1962 6:40pm-Children Program 12:30pm--Musical program Mire Tele-Haiti VIRGINIA 7:00pm-NOBBE & BONDEL presents: "My Three Sons" 1:00pm-Program Schedule Cigacetteo 7-30pm-Children's program: second edition 1:05pm-Widen your knowledge 7:4spm--Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events 1:20pm--Children's Program 8:00pm-America spealcs to you 1:30pm--Children's program Agents. Program 12:30pm--Musical program Mire Tele-Haiti VIRGINIA 7:00pm-NOBBE & BONDEL presents: "My Three Sons" 1:00pm-Program Schedule Cigacetteo 7-30pm-Children's program: second edition 1:05pm-Widen your knowledge 7:4spm--Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events 1:20pm--Children's Program 8:00pm-America spealcs to you 1:30pm--Children's program Agents. 8:30pm-Tetectnema (Ist part) JOSEPH NADAL & Co. 2:00pm-Tele-Jourmal 9:00pm-Telenews (2nd edition) Summary of the late news, pre 3:00pm--USANA Program: DESTINATION DANGER sented by the Esso Reporter 3:30pm--Wagon Train Real Estate Agency 9:06pin-Telecinema (Cont'd) 4:30pm-Telecinema LOISEAU & Co. 10:00pm-Close of program National Anthem 6:00pm-End of program - National Anthem. 15 Bourdon Wednesday JUNE 20th, 1962 A a A A A Cable Address: Phone 2620 5:30pm-Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) < AILOICO 5:55pm-Evening General Program Schedule < Beautiful S Renting of Houses, Apart 6:00pm-Let's Learn English > Lake < ments, Bungalows, Camping Peligre 6:35pm-Children's Program ( for any and all who wish to partake of the beautifuly Houses for short or long 6:40pm-Children's program: Cartoons (goodness of a peaceful vacation amidst the sur-> period. 7:00pm-Dragnot, with Jack Webb roundings of nature's own greenery. Sales information available 7:30pm-Children's program: Cartoons 38 Miles From Port au Prince > for sugar cane, cotton, fruit, 7:48pm-Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events HUNTING FISHING sisal, etc., plantations and 8:0pm-Les,Dames du Corps Diplomatique Presentent estates of various types and 8;15pm-Actualites d'Israel SWIMMING RECREATION sizes and in improved and Poste BUNGALOW RESTAURANT unimproved condition. 8:30pm-Botlangerie La presents a new chapter of "Le I WATER SKI RELAXE Commercial business such Comte de Monte Christo" bars, and hotels 9:00pm--Telenews (2nd editios) Summary of the late news, preFor your reservation, call up in ODVA Radio-Station at > S restaurants, bought and sold sented by the Esso Reporter PORT AU PRINCE Joseph LOISEAU 9:05pm-Heraux Tours Program "Le Livre des Voyages" Corner Rue du Centre and des Cesars 68. Manager 9:20pm--STATE TROOPER AA mmm AA mmmn 9:45pm-Germany Today (Documentary) 10:00pm-Close of program National Anthem Thursday JUNE 21st, 1962 5530pm--Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) 5:55pm-Evening General Program Schedule 6:00pm-Let's Learn English Aoe 6-3Spm-Children's Program 5:4 40pm-Children's program 7:00pm-ICI INTERPOL (last week episode) 1:30pm-Children's program (2nd edition) SEDIAALREIRIS 2 f:4spm--Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events 8:00pm-M. 21st, 1962 5530pm--Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) 5:55pm-Evening General Program Schedule 6:00pm-Let's Learn English Aoe 6-3Spm-Children's Program 5:4 40pm-Children's program 7:00pm-ICI INTERPOL (last week episode) 1:30pm-Children's program (2nd edition) SEDIAALREIRIS 2 f:4spm--Telenews (1st edition) Review of the day's events 8:00pm-M. SQUAD presented by M &. S Construction 8.30pm-Telecinema 9.00pm-Telenews (2nd edition) Summary of the late news, presented by the Esso Reporter 3:05pm-Telecinema (Cont'd) 10:00pm-Close of program LE National Anthem Friday JUNE 22nd, 1962 5:30pm-Musical Program (Mire Tele-Haiti) Haiti's "Gingerbread Palace" and famed hostelery the Grand Hotel Oloffson, show place on s5opm-Evening General Program Schedule 6:00pm-Let's Learn English 6-35pm-Children's Program Haitian architecture, exquisite cuisine and conten ted living. Set amongst a myriad of tropical trees 7:00pm7:50pm-Heure Entantine No. 2 and gardens the Oloffson, complete with miniature pool, is the haven for the uninhibited. --- Page 8 --- PAGE 8 SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAITJ SUN PAGE 9 CONTINUED FROM LAST EDITION drink on the premises where the work is being performed, ulations in force, without receiving, beforehand, an authorization CHAPTER II suitable rooms should, be placed at their disposal where they todo S0 from the employer or his representative, Social can have their meals, unless appropriate steps have been On Welfare Duvalier Labor Code 8) taken Noises to and'v provide vibrations them noxious with a suitable to the workers' place outside health, the must plants. be erected Article in 527. houses Any higher than 3 meters that may be Article 511.-The employers of industrial or commercial entereliminated or reduced as mnuch as possible. ilar activities, shall provided" or undergoing on cach side, repairs by a or rail in 0,90 any cms. sim- prises cannot authorize their workers to sleep or as in the place 9). Dangerous substances mnust be stored in a safe plaice. where the work is being performed. The are obliged EE hijgh, employers CHAPTER III a). The hours of arrival and departure of the workers, the meal to or prepare special rooms that shall be used either. as dormitories On Private Regulations For Work hours, relaxation hours during the day. Article 423.-When risks inherent to the nature of the work per- Article 528.It is forbidden to clean a machine when it is dining rooms, b) The place and time at which must start and end the day's formed require it. special clothes or equipment must be put at ing. Ifit is proved that the mechanism Of other machineries worle are Article 514.-The private of work are those which work. thed disposal of the worker, mustl he cleaned and kept in good shape dangerous, the safety measures deemed shall be Article 502--Cantens serving approptiate meals must be orgaregulations in laws, the c) The variousi type, of salaries and the categories of work to by the employer without any expenses for the worker who uses in each case. necessary adopted nized where itisnot poesible to have a Those canteens the Tefectory. are drafted By employer, conformity with the which they correspond. thein. shallwork inside the-concern or in vicinity whenever this_is cedures adopted for their execution, the collective conventions- is LA d) The place, the day and time of payment. demed advisable, taking into account of contraets in force that affect it and whose objeetive to deter: e) The provisions Article 529. -For the construction. or cleaning of gutters, cees- ployed in the workers emE hisworkers ofdisciplinary character and their methods Article 524.- -Every time that necessary, employer etc. the which they correspond. thein. shallwork inside the-concern or in vicinity whenever this_is cedures adopted for their execution, the collective conventions- is LA d) The place, the day and time of payment. demed advisable, taking into account of contraets in force that affect it and whose objeetive to deter: e) The provisions Article 529. -For the construction. or cleaning of gutters, cees- ployed in the workers emE hisworkers ofdisciplinary character and their methods Article 524.- -Every time that necessary, employer etc. the the concern, requests for organization of such mine the compulsory conditions to which, himself fand of application. It is understood that is forbidden to deduct put at the as the of for must pools or execution of any work inside them, it shall be canteens and the chances they have to E used, the absence ol must submit themselves during the execution of the work. any amount fro mthe workers" salaries in the shape ofa_fine protection- workars'-dlisposal of the lungs, 4 eye slasses number satety masks, belts and the necessary to provide beforehand a good ventilation. other such appropriate services and other prevalling cireumstances ten and that the suspension of'the work, without pay, cannot be all other equipment deemed to their safety. Thev workers Article of_this nature. Article 515.-Any employer engaging on permanent basis decided for more than eight days, in all cireumstances to the 530._Workers that perform dangerous works and, gener The creation Of common D in is obliged : draft up and put into and are obliged use equipment hus provided and the employers ally, all those who are machines, must shall be canteens Serving several enterprises or more workers his concerm the interested party andit the comrades mentioned by thelatter. must see that this equipment is juddiously used by the workers. driving wear appropriate encouraged as far as that can be done. sorce a private regulation of work. f) The designation of the persons of the establishment to which clothing: should be submitted, all claims for improvements and others, Article 525.-Any worker eployid ina coneern must, immediatArticle 543.-In the enterprises where there exist no other faciliArticle 516-Any private regulation work must, beforehand. and the manner of formulating them. ely fix up, or Doint out-for the or for his any Article 581.-Before uising a machine, the worker. is driving-it ties a fort the. workers who need a tomporary rest during work hours, be approved bythe General Inspection : Work: the workers must g) The special regulations concering the various Sorts and defect that he may' discover imployer or proxy, also must beaune he that its functioning presents no danger, and if there resting room shall be arranged ina suitable place, takinginto be informed byra fifteen days notice before the date it will categories of work, taking into account the age and sex of the draw up his attention on any diplants committed" engines; by a he-must when 1s-any risk, must, at once, advise the employer S0 that the account the nature Of the work and any other conditions and.cix be written in french, printed in characters Las workers. person, lattermay perform all changes or repair Works necessary to put cumstances to it. - into force.1t muist that mistake is capable of an accident. the related Such resting rooms are of major In can be read and posted in, at least two, among the most h) The indication of the works having or machine in perfeet conditions of works. to or casily an occasional tranportance female workers, male workers busy with hard visible places in the premnises where the work is on, or handed in sitory character. Article 526.-No one must disturb, remove, works or spectal activities requiring a temporary rest during the the form of a printed booklet to all the workers participating in the installations and safety devichprescribed by damage the security or destroy reg shall If the inform employer the neglects to fultill this oblicoation, the worker work work hours; hours; they are also necessary to workers busy with hard the work. or casily an occasional tranportance female workers, male workers busy with hard visible places in the premnises where the work is on, or handed in sitory character. Article 526.-No one must disturb, remove, works or spectal activities requiring a temporary rest during the the form of a printed booklet to all the workers participating in the installations and safety devichprescribed by damage the security or destroy reg shall If the inform employer the neglects to fultill this oblicoation, the worker work work hours; hours; they are also necessary to workers busy with hard the work. Article 518. The inside regulations shail form an integrant part competent authority or the nearest police station, they are' also necussury to workers on a rotation The of the preceding paragraph must, equally be ob- of the individual contract of work of each of the workers of the which shall cancel the use of the said machine and shall advise basis, during the resting time allowed to each team. served ee if employer brings to those repulations some changes establishment except when stipalations contrary and more favorIthe-DGT. It the machine is in good condition of funetioning before or ifhe abrogates the provisions contained in them. able to the worker exist. Soaping" dulls haie informing be_kept out the of authority work,this that authority, has ordered after having that the checked machine that shouldl the courage Article inside, 544.-Some or in appropriate the vicinity measures of shall be the adopted to enthe.concern, organization Article 517.-The private regulation of work shall inelude the Article 119. Shall be considered as vold and without effect, the Halo glorifies it? nunetioning-of Ethe machine does A not offer any danger, may author of means of recreation. for the workers who are employed in it, whole: amount of lehnical and administrative regulations that are clauses Of the regulations that telid tot render the situation of-the ize-toiputat orderrof baek to worc report Of shall be of drafted about the in case such means are not already put at thelr disposal by necessary for the success of the eoncerm, all rules concerning sani- workers less favourable than provided by the laws, individual con cancelletion of andthat resumption work, with the special inatitutions or the community, ang when the workers' retation and smatety in the work as well as any indications liable to tracts, arrangements, collective- conventions, sentencès by ar shall the be signed authority by the by which theorder wag passed. The presentative point out the necessity. of such means of reereation. prevent the realization of professional risks and instructions about bitration, which shall replace the provisions d inside regulations, if not want said or authority cannot and by the employer Article 545.-In communities where there exist no organizations "first aid" in case of an accident: and, generally, all other regula- as far as they are favourable to the workers. ther latter does sign, a witness shall for the purchase of food stuffs, refreshments or meals, DE decent tions deemed necessary This regulation must, moreover stipulated: I replace him. / some be placed steps at should the workers' be taken disposal. to orgànize such services that shall Article 520.-If the- Vinside regulations of work does not gather Article 532.--Before the starting up Of a machine, the workens (Continued on the required legal conditions or contains provisions forbidden, the shall be warned by: an agreed upon signal which is known by page10) interested workers on their proxies may ask for their cancellation everyone. or their alteration before the DGT. TEHI Article 533.-Workers using electricity must be warned about the E7 E BEGoodrich TITLE VII dangers which they run and be provided with insulators and other Rock Service Law No. 10 On Social Security means of protection. G prevents unnecessary tire failures! CHAPTEEI Article 534.-The DGT shall fixc the appropriate regulations determining the mechanic means of protection against workc-aceidents GIVES LONGER SERVICE On Hygiene and Security in the Work that may be used in the different branches of activities. In the - GREATER TRECTION meantime, it will requite from the factories, workeshops or labora- - Article 521- Are considered as unhealthy, all works, establishtories to adopt all. preventive measures deemed necessary to the Husky doubleschevron B.E.Goodrich ments or industries whose nature can create conditions liable to workers' health and security. c the appropriate regulations determining the mechanic means of protection against workc-aceidents GIVES LONGER SERVICE On Hygiene and Security in the Work that may be used in the different branches of activities. In the - GREATER TRECTION meantime, it will requite from the factories, workeshops or labora- - Article 521- Are considered as unhealthy, all works, establishtories to adopt all. preventive measures deemed necessary to the Husky doubleschevron B.E.Goodrich ments or industries whose nature can create conditions liable to workers' health and security. full traction d threaten or alter the workers" health either on account of mater in oF reverse, guard ials used, prepared or coming out of solid, liquid' or gaseous reArtiele 535.-The employer. is compelled to restore to this Dost- AR The siduals: worker activities on of E tion the tha thad stopped his accout an a aart to inflated Ei Are reputed dangerous all works, plants Or industries that can accident occurred inthe exereice of his profesion, provided he has cause no unnecessary Lmi do harm or affect dangerously the, workers' life, either on account not nocetved-any indemnity for absolute incapacity to work and E tire failures. of solid, liquid' or gaseous reArtiele 535.-The employer. is compelled to restore to this Dost- AR The siduals: worker activities on of E tion the tha thad stopped his accout an a aart to inflated Ei Are reputed dangerous all works, plants Or industries that can accident occurred inthe exereice of his profesion, provided he has cause no unnecessary Lmi do harm or affect dangerously the, workers' life, either on account not nocetved-any indemnity for absolute incapacity to work and E tire failures. of their nature orf fromt the fact that the matérials used, prepared provided a year has not elapsed since the date of the accident. L or produced. are dangerous or if the residuals, liquid or gaseous 2 Kr off-the-road job. See bs are noxious, and ifthey, are inflammable or explosive, whatever Article 536.-In case the worker cannot his former work, Rock the way they are stored. but tcan' exeeute another one, the employer r give him another in of the be Some special regulations by. of General job and view this, may shift the members ofhis staff as he It's same the whole world EES tires. Yow'll money ahead! Inspection shall determine they prepared works that the should division be classified as a deems it advisable. over... unhealthy or dangerous and-shall indicate all measures to which Notas soap, nota Behind every map of the world liesa great tradition FOR MINES such forms of activities' must be submitted. cream- n-Halo cannot Cites Article 537.-n case he is compelled to restore a worker in his of exploration and discovery. leave dirtdulling, sofcester hor position, ie S snos former the employer can, after notice has been given, Behind every bottle of a FLEX-RITE NYLON TREW Article 522. All appropriate steps must be taken by the employcatehing soap fim! needs specialr rinse! dismiss the worker that had replaced him, without any obligation whisky liesa great tradition WHITE of LABEL"Scoteh that has cords in blendingRock Service tires QUARRIES 3n er in with the the on his an indemnity. im withstand double the 2 agréement General Inspection of Work, So that part for made this fine old whisky famous far beyond the pact of ordinary matérial 2n general conditions prevailing on the premises where the work is Removes embarrassing SR Halo leaves hair soft, Article borders of its native Scotland. T oday, "WHITE heat blowouts and EARTH-MOVING EARTS being performed may offer sufticient protections for the health dandraid Tfrom. both hair a mandgeabla-shning eith 538.-The introduction and use. of alcoholic drinks or LABEL" is known and appreciated everywhere. tet breaks. a Ja ofthe workers and especially So that: ands Lscalp! colorful Imauural highlights! narcotics is absolutely forbidden. Wherever you are, ask for 1) The wastes and spoils are not aceumulated sO as to repreL KEL sent a risk for the health of the workers. Article 530. The weight of bags containing all kinds of products 2) Thesizes and height of the buildings where ther work is being Yes, hair with or materials that must be transported bya single must a NSoe al perfored are sufficient to avold any over-crowding of the even cream not beover 80 Jcgs. For the execution of such works, SE age fact Wbite Label's Wbite tires placeby the workers and ito prevent any glutting of the rooms film. AUICE ma The largest ors sex and physical possibilities of the worker shall be taken into hn by materials or BEGoodrich the engines, in consideration. E 3) Adequate lights should be provided, produets. either natural or artifi- anew ingtedieant, 80 sticky contai selling The removal of objects of great weight, shall be donte by me- DEWAR'S SCOTCH WHISKY SEE DISTRIBUTOR: to the E YOUR cial or both, according needs. Thus your hai chahical means: NEVER 4) COMMERCIAL WILLIAM NARR, S. A. Suitable weather conditions in' order to prevent any shortage the Halo- you America's use shampoo VARIES e JUST RECEIVED of breathing air or when this is possible, an exceeding humiin Article 540-A1l workers occupied in the handling, making or selling The removal of objects of great weight, shall be donte by me- DEWAR'S SCOTCH WHISKY SEE DISTRIBUTOR: to the E YOUR cial or both, according needs. Thus your hai chahical means: NEVER 4) COMMERCIAL WILLIAM NARR, S. A. Suitable weather conditions in' order to prevent any shortage the Halo- you America's use shampoo VARIES e JUST RECEIVED of breathing air or when this is possible, an exceeding humiin Article 540-A1l workers occupied in the handling, making or BF GOODRICH; dity, heat or cold and bad smells. faborite shampoo- -today. America Halo retail of food stutfs destined to publie consumption must, Port Tires au Prince and Tube Batteries 5) Proper sanitary accommodations and facilities to get wash, every E do provide themselves with a health certificate stating PIERRE Jeremie available drinking water and enough living spiaces. that they notsuffer of any contagious orinfectious disease or ANDRE KHAWLY SANSARICO 6) Whien the workers must change clothes atthe start or at Hiable to make them unable to fultil their duty. No fee shall be Agent Distributor: GERALD DELAQUIS Jeremie theend of thework suitable clakcrooms should be -provided. Halo reveals the hidden beauty of the hair! to the doctors employed by the Government and authorized 48, Rue du Magasin de PEtat Phone: 3721 NABIH S. HAGE Saint-Marc 7) When it is forbidden to the workers to absorb any. food or HGLI-EL E4 deliver this certificate. P. 0. Box 1207 --- Page 9 --- DAGE 10 HAITI SUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 within the 3 months of their engagement, be provided with a Duvalier Labor... health certificate. The health certificate shall mention especially, the following CACIOUE ISLAND (Continued from page 9) examination results: Lung X-Ray T Kahn and Selles. The workers must in no case, be compelled to use the services It is exclusively at the expense of the employer and shall be *IBO BEACH" of such canteens. Such services must work without any profit renewed every year. for the employer. Article 565.-The health certificate shall be held for the whole ONLY 30 MINUTES Article 546.-The stores, shops, drugstores, shops and other esta- duration of the employee's work, by the employer who must pre- FROM PORT-AU-PRINCE blishments of commerce and industry must place at their em- sent it on first request, to the inspectors of the Department of ployees' and workers', disposal a sufficient number of seats so Labour and Social Welfare or to any employee of Public Health ENTRY (INCLUDING that they may sit every time the execution of their work allows it. for control. Article 547.-In all commercial establishments, the seats must GENERAL PROVISION ROUND-TRIP be set back from the show cases and glass cabinets, whether they Article 566.-All employers that shall violate the provisions of are of a permanent or temporary character, it should, be under- the present title shall be liable of a fine amounting from 200 to BOAT stood that this. provision is not applicable to the seats put at the 2,000 gourdes or. an imprisonment from 15 to 92 days to be pro- TRANSPORTATION) public's disposal. nounced by the Tribunal of Labour and entered on the credit side Article 548.-In the industrial establishments, the employee or ofa special account open for the Department of Labour and Social ONLY - $1.00 Cents worker must perform his duty, if the nature of the work permits Welfare for the development of its program of Education of the Children 60 it, while sitting and the employer must place seats at the dis- Working Class. Private posal of the members of his staff, so that they may work in the In case of repetition, the fine shall be doubled. White Dressing Sand Beach Roonas least tiresome conditions. entered on the credit side Article 548.-In the industrial establishments, the employee or ofa special account open for the Department of Labour and Social ONLY - $1.00 Cents worker must perform his duty, if the nature of the work permits Welfare for the development of its program of Education of the Children 60 it, while sitting and the employer must place seats at the dis- Working Class. Private posal of the members of his staff, so that they may work in the In case of repetition, the fine shall be doubled. White Dressing Sand Beach Roonas least tiresome conditions. Article 549.-Any concern established in the industrial districts # A emt of a city. or outside its limits, must at its own expenses, provided 6 decent transportation means for its employees. Article 550.-Any: concern established outside a city at a great distance and when, on account of this, the daily transportation of the workers is provided for members of the staff. Article 551.-All industrial concerns must be provided with an adequate equipment against fires, and also must possess a staff well trained in the use of this equipment. Such trained persons must be present during the work hours. TRACTIONA Article 552.Each factory, each workshop must have a sufficient number of water-closets, water flush cabinets, "latrines" au separately built for each sex. Article 553.-The number of "latrines" must be one for at least, twenty five persons of male sex, and one for fifteen persons of] a E - feminine sex working together. Article 554-- Refuse bins with a cover must be placed in OINTD'ATTAQUE all "latrines" for women. Article 555.The "latrines" or "water-closets" must be separ. ated from the, rooms where the work is being pursued. Le nouveau Traction Sure-Grip Article 556.-All the industrial establishments must be provided de Goodyear a été spécialement. with sufficient accommodations. allowing the staff to see to thair conçu vous donner une parsonal hygiene. pour Article 557.-Those accommodations shall be completely indetraction maximum. Il est muni pendent from: de longues barres pour vous a) The place of work, procurer la force de traction b) Located in places convenient to the employees to whom they les tracteurs are destined, requise par c) maintained in good sanitary conditions. modernes. Ilmord en biais et Article 538-Establshments where workers are exposed to have grâce à son profilà their skin soiled by toxic infections or irritant substances; or by C-E-N-T-R-E 0-U-V-E-R-T, oil, grease or dust must provide their staff with, at least, one il se nettoie shower of hot and cold water with mixer, for six employees or a antomatiquement. shift of six employees stopping the work simultaneously. Ainsi vous obtenez une traction Article 559.-Such accommodations as showers must be cleanly constante, Il vous coûte kept and desinfected, at least once every day, and provided with moins de temps, moins de travail sufficient water and kept in good functioning conditions. et moins de carburant. CHAPTER III Allez le voir encore aujourd'hui On Medical Service chez votre dealer Goodyear, Article 560.-The employers of agricultural, commercial, industrial or any concern whatever its nature may be, engaging at least 20 employees must secure the servito of one or several phy2 sicians whose main part shall be to protect the workers' health - to eliminate any risk of contagion, to maintain suitable hygiene conditions of work or to bring the first aid in case of emergency, The doctors shall be attended by one or several nurses according to the importance of the concern. Article 561.-The doctors shail furnish their assistance to the staff of the concern, in the following manner: Once a' week for a concern engaging at least 20. employees. Twice a week for a concern engaging at least, 100 employees. Three times a week for a concern engaging more than 200 em- - ployees. SUPER-RIB Any concern engaging more than 200 employees shall have a Spécialement pour permanent medical service consisting of atileast one dispenaisée pour conçu une meilleure donner faculté une conduite sary. d'adap- - Article 562.-The concerns mentioned in the present chapter tation, Super-Rib pour de moins Goodyear. a' week for a concern engaging at least 20. employees. Twice a week for a concern engaging at least, 100 employees. Three times a week for a concern engaging more than 200 em- - ployees. SUPER-RIB Any concern engaging more than 200 employees shall have a Spécialement pour permanent medical service consisting of atileast one dispenaisée pour conçu une meilleure donner faculté une conduite sary. d'adap- - Article 562.-The concerns mentioned in the present chapter tation, Super-Rib pour de moins Goodyear. d'usure Et, tous : . allez les voir le a superbes must secure the presenes of nurses on full time basis. pneus tracteurs Goodyear sont construits a 1For the industrial and agricultural concerns, there shall be: entoilage 3T "Triple Tempered", une excluone nurse for each concern engaging from 50 to 200 employees. sivité de Goodyear! Two nurses for each concern engagng from 200 to 500 employees. Above 500 employees, an additional nurse shall be employed for each shift of 200 employees. Article 563.-A medical first aid pouch including a medical and pharmaceutic material in sufficient quantity shall be provided a GOOD and kept in visible and easily reachable place. YEAR CHAPTER IV About the Health Certificate ILY A DES PNEUS GOODYEAR POUR CHAQUE ROUE DE LA FERME Artele 564. -All employees engaged on a permanent basis, must,) 2-59-8F --- Page 10 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAI ITISUN PAGE 1t PROCESS OF INTERMEDIATION IN... allowing capital to rést in stock, and thereby to risk its being "Filled Milk" Plays squandered in overhead expenses. One example may serve. In an area which produces fine onions in the May, Increasingly Important from (Continued page 6) period March to one intermediary buys large stocks from many small holdings up Role In Child Feeding who to a total of 450 pounds at one time- and this days on their own ground, this is done mainly by resellers wholesales produce Rome, 31 May Human and have personalized economic relation- in Port au Prince, the capital, over a hundred miles away. It may milk is for the human infant, reside in a rural locality who distances and take her up to a week to clear her stock, and she risks cow's milk is for the calf," ships with local peasants. Resellers travel great losses if the onions begin to being perishable, serious and American have less time more commonly station themselves at crossroads spoil; they are a n eminent pediatrisections. These kinds speculative item; the profit margin is not parteularly high, said at the mouths from or of paths leading rural the nature of the merchandise, and sometimes this given cian recently in Rome. of buying activities, usually bear some relationship to the marketintermediary Dr. Paul Gyorgy, Professor of place. and to market day; but though they occur outside the mark- loses on her transactions. During the rest of the year, she sells Pediatrics at Philadelphia Genet-place itself; they involve intermediaries of the internal market hard goods -soap, kerosene, bricabrac, flour-- both wholesale and ral Hospital, said that this statin clear-cut fashion. retail, in la large regional market. These products keep: well, and ment was true, broadly speaksystem she never loses on them. But if she is asked whether she would world. from We have moved transactions involving no intermediary, to such g, for the whole Howare of prefer to market products as onions the year were ever, in those involving intermediaries who not part the internal this possible, her answer is a vigorous, almost round, "yes" economicaly-develoyed other factors market system, -to those involving regular intermediaries, but do -because "the money marches then.' . It may be aggressive granted that not he ountries, picture: Good sanitation entered had not occur within the internal market system. world. from We have moved transactions involving no intermediary, to such g, for the whole Howare of prefer to market products as onions the year were ever, in those involving intermediaries who not part the internal this possible, her answer is a vigorous, almost round, "yes" economicaly-develoyed other factors market system, -to those involving regular intermediaries, but do -because "the money marches then.' . It may be aggressive granted that not he ountries, picture: Good sanitation entered had not occur within the internal market system. We may now examine all intermediaries prefer to deal in speculative goods; but all iade cow's milk safe that vast category of transactions which occur within the market- to believe in rapid turnover as an absolute good. seem babies; public-health formulae educaplace itself, and in which intermediaries play a focal role. The on had for usscale of middlemen's activities may vary dramatically. A large prepared people Haitian market will have present within it intermediaries some of A second precept, hardly separable from the first, is: never ig formulae properly. Unfortusell retail if you can sell wholesale. Not does ately, soclo-anthropological facwhom have an operating capital of twenty cents, while others of only one point conswhom-such as cloth merchants and rice or millet wholesalers- tantly in the direction of turning small sales into large sales, but TS inclined to make breast feedhave a capitalin excess of two hundred dollars. At the topmost one uses all the capital possible in business activity-as such as g less and less popular. level--as in the busiest stalls in Vallieres Market- the upper li- the intermediary's standards of consumption and the market situ- He was addressing the Promit of operating capital may run five or ten times as high: ation will allow. The preference for wholesaling over retailing is in Advisory Group at the headso strong it may seem (or be) economically irrational at times. juarters of the UN Food and One would search forever to find a Haitian revendeze who would griculture Organization in RoThough the scale of operations is variable, certain features Creole in opt for selling cigarettes at two for three cents (yielding a me. The group, which meets common underlie intermediary activity. Capital (the is profit of U.S. one dollar, or fifty per cent), if she were able gTOSS very year, is composed of manman lajan, or "mother money") is hard to come by. One can sell a carton for two dollars at onetime (yielding an immediate to nembers appointed by the World collect business histories of market women who started with a fit of ten cents, or five per cent), On one occasion, I sought pro- Health Organization (WHO), Fcapital of less than U.S. five cents, and who possess a working buy a whole pack of cigarettes from a seller some distance to io and the, United Nations capital today in excess of five hundred dollars. These stories are a village, along a country road. I was told I would have froml Children's Fund (UNICEF). It surprisingly common in an economy noted for its low productivity thirty cents-i.e., an amount that to pay] dvises the three agencies, who and its limited ability to generate new captal. Attitudes toward would be mad were paying the cigarettes to be yielding sold at profit which en consider and incorporate capital comprise a series of principles or concepts which may be I refused to do so, insisting that the price should two be for three cents- cents. the recommendations into their enumerated here. which would infact have given the seller no profit at twenty all, But when international action programs. which the Haitian market woman follows I'turned to leave, the seller invited me to buy the pack for twenty Dr. ] dvises the three agencies, who and its limited ability to generate new captal. Attitudes toward would be mad were paying the cigarettes to be yielding sold at profit which en consider and incorporate capital comprise a series of principles or concepts which may be I refused to do so, insisting that the price should two be for three cents- cents. the recommendations into their enumerated here. which would infact have given the seller no profit at twenty all, But when international action programs. which the Haitian market woman follows I'turned to leave, the seller invited me to buy the pack for twenty Dr. Gyorgy said breast feedThe frst such precept (Continued on g was the common rule in unis: keep capital working. In practice this is translated into neverl page 12) (Continued on page 13) 3 e se S a ay > 2 - -o O 2 2 2X X 2 2 Summer Rates a More people by far use HERTZ MERTZ Rent a car SISTEM FROM APRIL 15 TO DECEMBER 14 Hourly Rate (Minimum 4 Hours) s 1.00 plus 8 C per Mile Daily Rate (24 Hours) s 7.00 plus 8 C per Mile Weekly Rate $35.00 plus 8 C per Mile (RATES FOR SPORT CARS SLIGHTLY HIGHER) ASK FOR QUOTATION ON LONG TERM RENTALS SALL RATES INCLUDE: : Gas, Oil, Insurance and Maps SNO EXTRA CHARGES FOR : OAirport, Hotel, or Pier Pick-Ups or Deliveries MG Roadster FIESTA CAR RENTALS OF HAITI RENT A CAR LICENSEE HERTZ AUTO S. A., General Agents (Next to All America Cables) 360 Avenue Jean-Jacques Dessalines Phones: 3134 2772 HOSTELLERIE DU ROI CHRISTOPHE - SUB-AGENT P.0. Box 46 Morris Oxford CAP-HAITIEN - HAITI < 2 o < 2 N seeceueeeeee --- Page 11 --- PAGE 12 HAITISUNT SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 INTEPMEDIATION IN... dividuals known to her through series of transactions. Since these PROCESS OF Don't Go To relationships are not built up overnight, intermediaries often estaEurope (Continned from page 11) blish regular sequences of operations, bringing them to the same cents, even 50: I did so, but gave her a four-cent "tip"). It is places at the same time, in order to cement and maintain their Unless You See of course true that the seller could replenish her stock simply connections. One refers to a favored client, whether buyer or seller, by walking back to the village- but in offering to sell me her as a pratik (French pratique: a good customer) The custom of Auto, S. A. First goods at cost, she was achieving no economic end except perhaps creating pratik probably gives more patterning and regularity to sood will. I believe this sort of behavior is induced by a strong marketing activity than it would otherwise have. Pratik relationto this bulk and not always reasonable predilection for sales, and the ships are based on concessions taking three primary forms: the r Your can trip be a Europe greater pleasure, sumreplacement of goods with money, money with goods, in rapid granting of credit (sometimes with interest); lower prices for the nore leisurely and more enjoyorder. Of course many considerations enter into the intermediary's same quantity of goods when selling (or higher prices when buy- able if you make one extra calculations, particularly that of access to supply. But the theme ing); or greater quantities of goods for the same price when sell- 1 for your plan of keeping the money moving is combined with that of selling ing (or lesser quantities when buying). Of these, credit extension advance. Arrange NOW and wholsale (or in bulk) when possible, to produce some interesting seems to be the mostused means for establishing and maintaining car transportation manipulations. Bulk buying can be cheaper than retail buying, of pratik relationships. goods when selling (or higher prices when buy- able if you make one extra calculations, particularly that of access to supply. But the theme ing); or greater quantities of goods for the same price when sell- 1 for your plan of keeping the money moving is combined with that of selling ing (or lesser quantities when buying). Of these, credit extension advance. Arrange NOW and wholsale (or in bulk) when possible, to produce some interesting seems to be the mostused means for establishing and maintaining car transportation manipulations. Bulk buying can be cheaper than retail buying, of pratik relationships. Pratik may tie together-farmers and whole- TERE! course; even transport costs, and often taxes as well, are propor- salers, wholesalers and wholesalers, wholesalers and retailers, revisitors tionately less when one deals in bulk. The money itself comes to tailers and wholesale dealers in imports, and retailers and consum- The rush of summer hand more rapidly; transaction is built upon transaction, in swift ers. In. short, the personalized economic relationship is a general Europe cars causes abroad. a Why shortage get of in succession. The Haitian intermedary seemingly dreams of an in- practice within the network of distribution; what is more, interme- -ental he rush? a finite series of brilliant business operations, each yielding a small diaries state quite clearly that its function is to estabilize and If you're planning beprofit, each larger than the preceding, and built upon each other. maintain sources of supply and loci of demand. ip, reserve your rent-a-car A third precept is: build a personal niche within the arena of pre you leave. Hertz drive-your- to exchange. The meaning of this teaching, like the others, has to elf cars can be on hand meet of Haiti. The fourth and perhaps vaguest precept has to do with the value ou when land in the do with general character the economy of exchange in the intermediary puts on her time. I would tentatively formulate you S.A., 360, Ave Europe: Jean That country is oversupplied with labor. (It does not matter for this precept as: put no value on your time when your capital is From Auto, Dessalines, can arthe moment whether one chooses to call this a changeable circum- not moving; put the highest value you can afford upon your time Jacques "ange to rent a car of you your choistance. when it is. It is difficult to make clear what is meant by this, but e for economic, unhurrid tourAt present there are too many Haitians for what the economy can several illustrations may help. The peasant producer who fabri- ng in Europe no waiting, produce.) The presence of large numbers of unemployed and un- cates small handicraft objects for sale in the local market will 2 shortages to buck no disderemployed persons means that people with labor to sell must serve as a first example, though he is not acting as an interme- appointments! fill every possible corner. in the economy in order to live. In ins- diary when he sells such wares. It is difficult to get a rendering tance after instance, the factor of labor is substituted for the factor of the time spent in- such work, either in hours or in cash value; If you plan a trip to Europe of capital, in ways that are shocking to visitors from more deve- that time is never measured. One works on a basket or a wooden nd you also have the idea in loped economies. This is perhaps even truer in the distributive bowl in the "spare time" one takes from cultivation. When thel the back of your head that soon sector of the economy than in any other. No matter where one object is finished, another may be begun. The value of the timel you'll be buying a new car turns within the process of distribution, the number of individuals invested meets its measure only when such goods are carried to consider this: For less than involved is relatively large, and cases will be adduced to demon- market to be converted into cash. in loped economies. This is perhaps even truer in the distributive bowl in the "spare time" one takes from cultivation. When thel the back of your head that soon sector of the economy than in any other. No matter where one object is finished, another may be begun. The value of the timel you'll be buying a new car turns within the process of distribution, the number of individuals invested meets its measure only when such goods are carried to consider this: For less than involved is relatively large, and cases will be adduced to demon- market to be converted into cash. Market day, that great economic $1,000 you can have a brand new strate this. In- view of the qver-availability of labor, it is not sur- pulsation which breathes life into a region once a week, turns time Morris Mini Minor delivered to prising that the competition among distributive intermediaries both into cash, swiftly and often easily, but only for its duration. The vou in England - by previous for sources of supply and loci of demand is often stern. Oligopely peasant puts his efforts into such activities as handicrafts because rrangement, before you leave, and price-fixing by distributors is as difficult in a Haitian market he has no more profitable way to use that time. He does not meas- with Auto, S.A. Imagine the numas is strong union organization in its petty industries: The inter ure its value and in fact hehas nothing against which to measure er of stretched dollars you'll mediary needs to secure and protect her sources of supply and have to spend abroad! $ $ $$S her supply of buyers. And she does So primarily via personal rela- (Continued on 13) Don't go to Europe until you tionships, built over time upon small economic concessions to inpagp 7lk to an Auto, S.A. represen- 'ative L he can help make your > X 0 a 2 trip doubly interesting and imi portant, and save you money Drambuie LIQUEUR 10. Include in your vacation CENTRE D'ART NOTICE olans an arrangement to rent or buy a Morris, an MG or a Ro: INDISPENSABLE FOR To Art Connoisseurs er car abroad, through Auto, V Note A. E before you leave -BUT THE ENJOYABLE PARTYS a The CENTRE D'ART is open ALWAYS daily 1 IT NOW! The earlier the from 9 am to 12:30 pm etter-renting is easy, but arAND V from 2:30 pm to 5:00 pm ranging to buy abroad takes V "rangements during your trip AGENTES FESTIVITIES more time. Both ways your pock UNICOS And Sundays by appointment. tboook is served, time-wasting re avoided, and you'll be in the The only sweet. LIQUEUE made in Scotland on0 S old SCOTCH WHISKI. Permanent exhibition hang on the gallery's Seconil storey wim wth smart travellers who a the basis OI the finest pure and a current show hangs in the gallery's first floor. ave learned the hard way that a Indispensable for festivities and for every occa- @ little forethought can add pleasion. Persons with an appreciation of art will be reward- -e and to travel in G dollars EXOLUSIVE AGENTS: ed by visiting the Art Center. oreign countries. S.A., ( AUTO, FOUNDED IN 1944 Rao de la fevolution $0 Avenue Jean Jacques Dessa- @ L. Preetoman-Aggerholin & Co. nes - for fast, courteous ser- * BeBeekkResk Aooh ice. A n mn Aye FISHE R'S HAITI'S LARGEST FREE PORT PRICE SHOPS ISSA OHAITI )) THE CORNER SHOP RUE BONNE FOL 2) ART & CURIO SHOP FISHERS ACROSS FROM OU ART GALLERY STOMS onRuedo Quai AND BUY HAITLAN HANDICRAETS Scolplures by PAINTINGS by STRAIGHT FROM THE FACTORY UN THE RUE DU QUAI R.FRANCOiS Cedor J. oh ice. A n mn Aye FISHE R'S HAITI'S LARGEST FREE PORT PRICE SHOPS ISSA OHAITI )) THE CORNER SHOP RUE BONNE FOL 2) ART & CURIO SHOP FISHERS ACROSS FROM OU ART GALLERY STOMS onRuedo Quai AND BUY HAITLAN HANDICRAETS Scolplures by PAINTINGS by STRAIGHT FROM THE FACTORY UN THE RUE DU QUAI R.FRANCOiS Cedor J. DU DERRIER V.Denis J.E. Gourgue (AM. EXPR. AND DINERS CLUB ACCEPTED) O.DU PERRIER L.Lazard SAVE UP TO 60 Per Cent ON IMPORTS ADIMANCHE J.Gabriel SHOPS AND MAHOGANY FACTORY :: N.Jean - - - N A --- Page 12 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 HAITI SUN PAGE 13 *Filled Milk? Plays... (Continued from page 11) PROCESS OF INTERMEDIATION IN... which the salt becomes a sideline. They sell salt at five centimes der-developed countries. (Continued from page 12) (U.S. one cent) for approximately one-third of a tin, yielding a In a recent report covering profit of one cent per tin-but sales are usually very slow. They the Philippines, Indonesia, Bra- it, since there is nothing he knows to do instead which would prove carry their unsold stock back to their home villages to resell, zil, Costa Rica and Libya, it was more rewarding or even equally rewarding financially. But the hopefully, at a higher margin of profit: stated that 80 to 90 percent of time on which he puts a very. high value is market day itself, One question that must be answered in this little drama has to: the infants are breast-fed for at when he can convert the fruits of his efforts into cash, capital, or do with those women squeezed out of their niche by the decision least ten months,' 3 Dr. Gyorgy buying power. What is true for him is much truer for the inter of the truckers to sell in one-tin quantities. The truckers, fearful said. "It is to b regretted, how- mediary. of losing too many sales in a weak market, engross a large part ever, that breast feeding is gra- Another more relevant example may make this clearer. In the of the retail trade when they reduce the scale of the sales they dually becoming unpopular, even Saint Raphael market of northern Haiti, trucks pull in on market are willing to make. Since they control access to supply by virtue 1 these countries," he added. day, once each week, loaded with coarse salt from a nearby coast- of their greater buying capacity and the distances they can come In the highly-developed coun- al city. When the market is brisk, the salt sells at U.S. five cents economically, carrying a bulk product having low unit vajue, they tries breast feeding was more Iot two tinsful (standard U.S. No. 10 cans). On such days, the are in a position to do this when they feel that the situation re rare. A recent study had found truck owner, who wholesales the salt, will not sell in quantities quires it. The intermediaries between them and the ultimate conthat only from 12-15 percent of of less than two tins at a time, But the ordinary consumer does sumer have no protection except a limited form of arbitrage. newborn infants leaving hospit- not buy salt in such large quantities. Hence intermediaries may When they are cut out of the chain of intermediation by those who nurseries were exclusively enter between wholesalers and consumer. At the foot of each truck stand above them in the sequence, they must find some other nice breast-fed in various parts of there squat small groups of salt retailers. These women buy from in the web of middleman activity, at least temporarily. And since ne United States in 1956. the truckers in quantities of two tins and up. The investment they this may occur with relative frequency, and they know it, they make in their enterprises varies from U.S. five cents to about U.S. cannot afford not to have alternatives. Intermediaries this far down In years past, formulae for inon the ladder in terms of fants had disadvantages; they twenty cents (a 1.00 gourde in Haitian currency). groups of salt retailers. These women buy from in the web of middleman activity, at least temporarily. And since ne United States in 1956. the truckers in quantities of two tins and up. The investment they this may occur with relative frequency, and they know it, they make in their enterprises varies from U.S. five cents to about U.S. cannot afford not to have alternatives. Intermediaries this far down In years past, formulae for inon the ladder in terms of fants had disadvantages; they twenty cents (a 1.00 gourde in Haitian currency). Such women may extenton the availability capital of alternatives. resources What must depend to a great cre too dilute, forcing the child also carry to market small quantities of vegetables for resale; to do is move swiftly into other areas of small-scale they appear usually 2 drink a larger volume than these may have been produced on. their own or their husbands' trade -for instance, matches, and hard goods he could accommodate in order land, and will have a value of a few cents. It the total assessed still making a profit, soap, however small. kerosene- in hopes of 0 get enough nutrients. How- value of their stock'is in excess of U.S. twenty cents, they will The four or ever, said Dr. Gyorgy, there was probably be taxed about two cents by the State. They retail salt principles precepts enumerated SO far -it might"be Iso a danger in making formu- at three cents a tin, which yields a profit per tin may rise to one more appropriate to dub them "notions" or "hunches" give us When one undertakes some basis for several different e too concentrated, since the cent. to calculate the value such women considering levels of intermediary ing infant's capacity to deal must put upon their time, the results are rather depressing; but operation, and a variety of arrangements intermediaries may make remembered in on their 1 larger amounts of protein it must be that, given so small a capital there are carrying activities. As one moves up the scale of capi1 salts was limited. no other activities known to these marketers which will yield a tal accumulation, the picture is perhaps clearer, the alternatives "The use of so-called "filled greater reward. And market day the big market- comes but more precise, and the risks are greater. The woman with larger milk' (skimmed cow's milk with once weekly in Saint Raphael: On eight tins of salt, resold by the sums of capital must turn away from such alternative activities vegetable fats or oils added) is tin, the retailer makes a profit of U.S. four eents. It is worth not as cultivation in order fully to employ the earning power of her increasing, particularly in eco- ing, at the same time, that there is a group of sellers before each capital. The trader does not produce, primarily; she "grows monnomically under-developed coun- truck; they are competing for buyers, and may seek to establish ey," by skilful and strategic investment. This does not mean, It regular selling relationships by giving slightly however, that the number of intermediaries who live solely by tries. is, however, important to particular buyers. larger quantities trade is large; most women who engage exclusively in trade live that infant formulae based on in the capital, and many of them are in practice stationary retailthis milk be made in the proper Though, this description may seem discouraging in the extreme, ers, or depot owners, not itinerant resellers. it way," In the said Dr. Gyorgy. one remembers that the opportunities to obtain a cash reward are is rare that one encounters a woman who owns or countryside rents no Jand He said there was an increas- even rarer on those days when there is no market. Such a woman or whose husband is not a cultivator. But the capital a woman ingly important place for cow's- may make baskets; or work for a local peasant, planting or har turns to trading is not readily withdrawn from agriculture; conmilk formulae as a supplement vesting; or tend her own land, if she has any; or take her surplus trariwise, money invested in agriculture is not easily to to breast released feeding provided they of unsold salt and carry it to rural neighborhoods far removed trading activity. an increas- even rarer on those days when there is no market. Such a woman or whose husband is not a cultivator. But the capital a woman ingly important place for cow's- may make baskets; or work for a local peasant, planting or har turns to trading is not readily withdrawn from agriculture; conmilk formulae as a supplement vesting; or tend her own land, if she has any; or take her surplus trariwise, money invested in agriculture is not easily to to breast released feeding provided they of unsold salt and carry it to rural neighborhoods far removed trading activity. The difficulties attendant upon such transfers rest rere properly mixed. Technolo- from the market; or beg. But come market day, she must be pre in part with the differing natures of production and distribution. gical progress in the developer pared to buy and to sell; her capital (such as it is), must not be Eut it must be noted that, in the case of Haiti, they have to do rintries had made possible and tied up, and her time is enormously valuable to her on that day. as well with a significant feature of the division of labor, by which mmercially feasible the addi- Willing as she is to sell her time as cheaply as. she does, the itis expected that men will engage primarily in agriculture, and ons to skimmed cow's-milk for- market situation may still be too tight to permit her to participate women in trade, though the family the family ds theoreticrilae budget of fat and sugar, and an as an intermediary. On those occasions when the sale of salt is ally a common one. This division, Wolf has suggested, has conincreasing number of commer- weak, trucker-wholesalers will begin selling by the single tin, at siderable utility, since it involves husband and wife in different tial preparations were on the 10 centimes (U.S.) two cents the tin. On these days, very few risk structures. On the other hand, however, it leads to a division arket in many parts of the women remain in the picture as intermediaries. Usually salt retail- of capital resources such that they cannot always or easily be orld. ers who stay in are those who already have some other stock, to transferred from one activity to another. As the capital invested XX X 2 X 000999999900099999 Ar in trade mounts, the entrepreneur apparently finds growing difficulty in keeping the avenues of transfer open. While this may be 0O kept in mind, it can, also be demonstrated that there are, indeed, USE ways to intermesh distributive and productive.activities, and these ( AMAZING maneuvers are of interest. NEW great Intermediaries above the penny level launch their economic activities at differing vantage points. My information on this is N far from complete, but a few examples, suggesting different levels, ( may be useful. Dealers in certain kinds of bricabrac can maintain V operations with a capital ranging from two to twenty dollars. The a stock of such retailers will usually include soap, matches, kerosene, cooking FESTIVAL oil, cigarettes, star anise, cinnamon, Jamaican V mento, sulfur, shallots, garlic, blueing, asefoetida, bicarbonate pl- of soda, wheat flour, students' notebooks, needles and thread, nails, resin, tailors' wax, buttons, cloves, dried thyme, candles, catechisms, or some assortment of these items. Most such stock is relatively imperishable. Turnover is low, and profit margins are apparently not high. Taxes are paid by sellers of such goods, each market day. A woman wants to have a wide of such little Flour variety items in order to satisfy all comers, but she also must avoid tying up a large portion of her capital in those things having the slowest rate of turnover. Those women who choose not to sell these kinds FOR of items -called kinkay in Creole- argue that the seller eats up her capital while she waits for sales. is relatively imperishable. Turnover is low, and profit margins are apparently not high. Taxes are paid by sellers of such goods, each market day. A woman wants to have a wide of such little Flour variety items in order to satisfy all comers, but she also must avoid tying up a large portion of her capital in those things having the slowest rate of turnover. Those women who choose not to sell these kinds FOR of items -called kinkay in Creole- argue that the seller eats up her capital while she waits for sales. The kinkay sellers themselves always aim at enlarging their operations in various ways, if they BETTER CAKES WITH Y can ever accumulate enough free capital. They begin thinking about the possibilities as their savings mount-for saved money that is not working is lost money. This view differs rather dramaBETTER TASTE a tically, I believe, from the way the Haitian peasant views his 0 land- unused land is not wasted land, nor is it thought of as BETTER TEXTURE a dissolving capital, so far as I have been able to tell. But unused money consumes itself-that is, money that_is not earning is not working, and if things turn worse, one may not only not be making profit, but may be reduced to consuming capital. 2 Rr V a 2 A A 10r A (Continued in next edition) --- Page 13 --- PAGE 14 e HAITI SUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 the Telediol MINISTER BOYER RECOVER ED ODETTE Off WIENBA. Heard some folks wondering out loud which "Paris' Time Mag Presents means when it says "Paris-educated" i1 there must be at least Dr. Herve Boyer, Minister of TROUPE DE DANSE BACOULOU D'HAITI six Parises in the U.S. Tennessee, Kentucky, one of the Caro- "inances and Economic Affairs, linas, and points West. Two more Hepetitis victims are up and with influenza and over-workEvery Wednesday Night about again - Tom Dell and Carlos (The Beard) Pereira. Col. ng and who, on advice of his Redalen and his family are leaving mid-July iE and I'm crying octor, kept to his room, returnalready, although Red did promise to leave me some fishing tackle lto his desk at the Department when he takes off. -And as if that wan't enuff, Dr. Jack Hayard Tednesday morning, is about to shove off too. No what do I do when the dog gets sick, or when I'm trying to fill in the last few lines? Woe is me! -Mrs. YCEUM PRESENTATION Sgt: Zihar is in the hospital in Gitmo. She needed some denta OR BACOULOU DANCERS work done, but was bumped off the plane So oiten that now she's (Continued from page 1) in for oral surgery. Sgt. Andy, her husband, the keeper of the keys at the Am. Embassy, locked his car keys in his own car ralded with a special printed Friday! Absent-minded protessor stuff. -Congratulations to the rogram by the University hich, beside listing the numb- "Ed" - he finally took the plunge. Picked a winner, tou. What S with suitable explanations, has the driver of the CPALEH blue car, with license No. 3706 zad as follows: got against himself? He's sure trying his best to commit suicide "Troupe de Danse Bacoulou and take the car with him. -A funny thing happened on the way "Haiti, which features from fifto the wharf last Sunday. Carl Divier, of the U.S. Embassy, was en to twenty dancers, singers playing good samaritan to the Club Steward who had to get back nd drummers, is an authentic to tne ship fast. Carl wrecked his pretty red Chevvie. He swears nsemble whose aim is to reprohe's going to get a bulldozer with a blade next. Word comes tha' ce faithfully and artistically Tiny Kubelius was robbed in his new post in Colombia, and his rhythms, melodies and dandoggie poisoned. I'll bet he misses nice, quiet Haiti. I hear that that are the very heart of one of the more literal traffic boys is giving traffic violation tickets laitian "While culture. Steward who had to get back nd drummers, is an authentic to tne ship fast. Carl wrecked his pretty red Chevvie. He swears nsemble whose aim is to reprohe's going to get a bulldozer with a blade next. Word comes tha' ce faithfully and artistically Tiny Kubelius was robbed in his new post in Colombia, and his rhythms, melodies and dandoggie poisoned. I'll bet he misses nice, quiet Haiti. I hear that that are the very heart of one of the more literal traffic boys is giving traffic violation tickets laitian "While culture. this culture is as much to one official after another, right up to Mayor Deeb. Mr. Lome, melange as Creole, the local former owner of the Caribe is back in town. He's squiring looker" ngue, Haiti owes most of its Dorothy Flores of Atlanta aroud town. Somebody else who thinks ritage -its mood and mysteDorothy is a "looker" is Herr Jolicoeur, but hand-kissing isn't her to' Africa. From this inhercup o'tea. -Bob Lee wrecked his car too not Iong ago backed itance, with its ancient rituals, out of the Choucoune into a camionette L- and he's on an ice Bacoulou Troupe draws its cream soda kick. Herb Fels was in town for a couple of days rest pertoire, which runs the gamthis week. He's putting in 14 hours a day in the Virgin Islands... from gay peasant dances to same like La Belle Creole days. Capt. Frank West left this week "e wild intensity of Voudou FEATURING HAITIS MOST MAUIIIING after completing his tour here. I think he was really Sorry to go, vorthip."' GROUP OF ENTERTAINERS and I know a lot of friends will miss him. -Vic Greger returned Soloists with the Troupe are last Saturday after a trip to the U.S., seemingly very prosperous. "erard Dorsinvil, Claudia La- BACOULOU CABARET THEATRE I dunno... I always come back broke! Have you noticed? Gai nothe, and Adrien Ciceron (free Meringue Lessons at 9:30 p.m.) Debrosse has become a strawberry blond lately. Tres chic. I Orummers featured are Louisi PETIONVILLE HAITI think Ronnie Kahn prays for rain so that he has an excuse to "elestin, Julien Joseph and Aga back his car up on the pavement smack in front of Rendez-Vous "ean-Baptiste. The troupe also entrance gate. Last time he did it was Tuesday and nobody else ncludes Louines Louinis, Lila could get in or out. You should have heard the howls. He finally Icart, Ghislene Kebreau, PauTime takes on a rosy hue had to move it. Are you having radio trouble too? No matter ette Casseus, Henry Ricot and through the sapphire crystal where I dial, I can't get anything but Radio Haiti. What is it? Tean Claude Wainwright. Odette Current fuctuation? -Speaking of that, Dan Allensky has had to iener, Founder Director, is of your Movado Firmament 3 watch put an "At Your Own Risk" sign on the jukebox. Depending on natured as the Queen in Le Bal whether there is enough current, you may or may not get your Madame Chrstophe. quarter's worth. -Everett Shrewsbury is due back in town Wednesday next, and have I got a job for him! He's going to need a Mrs Wiener appeared on TV crystal ball to answer the questions I have to ask him. A Holly- speak on Haiti, and Olga Silwood paper has come up with this "Krushchev's confidence stems Pra gave a TV Fashion Show. from Soviet spies who've monitored U.S. T.V. commercials and Following the troupe's phenodiscovered all Americans have nagging headaches, indigestion and minal success in Texas, it is tired blood. " If it's so, Mr. K. is standing on shifting sands. The cheduled to open at Washingannual percarication to Kenscoff has begun, The Jean Boltes are on's famed Shoreham Hotel on heading for the heights on July 1st. Silwood paper has come up with this "Krushchev's confidence stems Pra gave a TV Fashion Show. from Soviet spies who've monitored U.S. T.V. commercials and Following the troupe's phenodiscovered all Americans have nagging headaches, indigestion and minal success in Texas, it is tired blood. " If it's so, Mr. K. is standing on shifting sands. The cheduled to open at Washingannual percarication to Kenscoff has begun, The Jean Boltes are on's famed Shoreham Hotel on heading for the heights on July 1st. -All the to-do about Vitamins ine 19th, and will doubtless and Vitamin deficiencies is very well, but leav it to the Haitian erform in other U.S. cities be: to come up with a new vitamin-Vitamin "M-for mais moulu. pre it returns to its home club. mango-which is the staple diet. Ingenious, that's what. I like the stamps that would-be brides and grooms have to purchase now too. They are mnarked "Certificat Prenuptial", cost 10 gourdes TWO HAITIAN SCOUTS ONU each, for him and her, and show the portrait of a baby! Prenuptial? Premature, I should think. -Odette Wiener, who is in the Flavien Exinor and Pheder St. States, is keeping Gerard so busy here, what with sending costu- Germain, two Haitian Chief mes, getting dancers in and out, etc., that he has little spare time Scouts, received diplomas from to make like a mo'ise and play. -Well, I feel better- now-even the United Nations during a ceThe Movado a sapphire crystal look - U.N. is broke! But remony in New on gleams with rare brilliance. e.et the Misery loves company. wasn't it H. L. Jersey June Its hardness is surpassed gold ct., dial Mencken who said, The chief value of money lies in the fact 11th. only bythat of the diamond. figure that one lives in a world in which it is overstimated"? I read The Haitian delegates Flavien You will cherish your in the N.Y. Times that Joseph F. McGurk, diplomat, died. In Exinor and Pheder St. Germain Movado which offers you a 1930 he was the first secretary of the American Legation in Port ere two of a group of 35 Latin precision in three years thrice (at triumphant the official Ref. 148, moveau Prince, and was former U.S. Ambassador to a number of *merica chief scouts from 16 Swiss Observatory at E L.sotd18.ch, Latin countries. He is survived by sister, the report said, sO eountries who followed a specNeuchâtel). gold figure dial I guess our Edward doesn't stand to inherit. -A lady who lives ial Scout course. in Dallas and who has visited the Wieners In Haiti nany times, The diplomas were delivered rent the following telegram: "Arcenciel rencontre septieme fois Y Mr. Cesar Ortiz Tinoco, chief en Haiti ici Dallas last night Odette Olga et compagnie sellebride f the Central Service of Inforiove". Gerard has figured out that she must have seen the Bacou- mations of the UN Office. The Jou Show when it played in Dallas and then went out and had one special course was given by Mr. too many. I just made a great discovery. If you have tobacco Calvador Fernandez executive of MOVADO stain on your front teeth, you can clean it off with a typewriter the International Scout Office for timamend eraser! They contain a fine abrasive just like the dentist uses. Latin America, assisted of 6 inWhere's my medal?. 'ructors of New Jersey, Miami, Rio de Janeiro, Canada, Guate- ONE SALE KAY MAJOR mala and Mexico. AND AT MAISON ORIENTALE LITTLE EUROPE --- Page 14 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 - HAITI SUN PAGE 15 THE PEOPLE'S RISING Ti (Continued from page 2) not succeeded in removing the Joseph (Continued fro mpage 3) causes of the rebellion. The demands of the rebels were not quille of Casernes Dessalines FAd'H. returned from 7-week of stu- fulfilled, living conditions were lgokpelo dies at Special Warfare School, Fort Bragg, North Carolina... ISON ORIENTALE LITTLE EUROPE --- Page 14 --- SUNDAY JUNE 17, 1962 - HAITI SUN PAGE 15 THE PEOPLE'S RISING Ti (Continued from page 2) not succeeded in removing the Joseph (Continued fro mpage 3) causes of the rebellion. The demands of the rebels were not quille of Casernes Dessalines FAd'H. returned from 7-week of stu- fulfilled, living conditions were lgokpelo dies at Special Warfare School, Fort Bragg, North Carolina... Dr. not improved. dictatorial Louis Mars will represent our country at the next International conditions Open opposition of work-the to arbitraBLUE of will autle & Sociology which ANTEEL take STAR Congress place at Washington in Au fixing of working norms-was gust. Mr Nestor Chavannes Consul General of Haiti in Nassau of the revolt. The on the label his : beginning flew to post after a special mission in Haiti. Melle Evelyne similarity of the demands in all Miot (Miss Haiti) will fly fo Miami to represent Haiti at the Com- he centres of the revolt was petition of Miss Universe which will take place in Florida on July astonishing. It went as far as BP, 6th to 16th... Newspaper LE JOUR" Iounded by our colleague logans with the same text on Hubert Carre, now Ambassador of Haiti in Argentina feted its 12th e banners, although the insuranniversary Tuesday June 12... Mr. Edmund Murphy, U.S. Cultural ents had no contact with one Attache in Haiti, will hola a party at his residence (Bourdon at nother, as there was no central 7:30 p.m., June 19 for the members of "Cornell University theatre leadership. This showed that the group".. The Embassy of Liberia will offer a movie night at the nsurrection developed on the French Institute Wednesday June 20th, at 7:00 p.m... Mr Joseph A. road basis of the same basic Sarkis, Consul General of Haiti at Beyrouth, acquires the Haitian conviction namely against the nationality, announces "Le Moniteur" of May 31st... The' new board Communist regime. of Directors of the "Secours Catholique" is as follows: Mr. Daniel The demands of 17th June are Theard, President; Mr. Montrosier Dejean, Vice-President; R. P. still unfulfilled. They still form Roger Augustin, Secretary, General; Mr. Jean Mallebranche, Assis- the basis of the externally invitant Secretary General; Mr. Dupleix Pierre-Louis, Treasurer; Mme sible resistance directed against Adrien Massa, Dr. Odette L. Bertol, Mr. Nahoum Acra, Dalloz he Communist rulers. It can Beaulieu, Antoine Bervin, Lucien Cantave, Albert, Chancy, Jean even be said that the contradicClesca, Adrien Massa, Joseph Perrier, counselers... Captain Pierre ion between the demands of the Thomas, Chief of Immigration and Emigration Service, returned people and the political facts from a health trip to Washington... Dr. Jean Price-Mars has pub- has become more glaring. lished a new work titled: "De la Prehistoire d'Afrique a l'Histoire Thus the Labour Law Book ind'Haiti".. Rose- -Marie Roumain and Georges Auguste will exchange troduced in the meantime-it revows in a nuptial ceremony at Sacre Coeur Church on July 5th conditions Mhambatanatt at 6:30 p.m... We have received the first number of the weekly vork zulates and the provides general among other of Bistitts Sucrs, mis oute tte Co. newspaper "Message du Secours Catholique" edited at Port au hings for compulsory direction * Portrausp Be) paul Garbirede Antoine Bervin prianaben Prince. Mr. is the Director and Gerant responsable... f labour to employment outside Mr. Vales Jean-Louis Director of the Rural Development Division; the place of residence and Mr. Bernadotte Delisfort, Chief of the teaching personnel Section; above all the Communist wall of Mr. ulates and the provides general among other of Bistitts Sucrs, mis oute tte Co. newspaper "Message du Secours Catholique" edited at Port au hings for compulsory direction * Portrausp Be) paul Garbirede Antoine Bervin prianaben Prince. Mr. is the Director and Gerant responsable... f labour to employment outside Mr. Vales Jean-Louis Director of the Rural Development Division; the place of residence and Mr. Bernadotte Delisfort, Chief of the teaching personnel Section; above all the Communist wall of Mr. Hubert Alexandre, teacher at the prevocationelle School of La- 13th August 1961 against what borde; Mr. Leonce Guerrier, Specialist at CEP and Charles Denis, remained of freedom of moveDepartmental Inspector of West, received the diplomas and decor- nent in Berlin and Germany ations of Education Order at the' rank of Chevalier... Mr. Rodolphe re in irreconciliable contradicMoise, graduated of "Ecole des Beaux Arts" organize an exposiMMawstiatanrat ion to the desires of the people tion at the French Institute on June 30th... of Central Germany. The urge Mrs. Karen S. Elly, present her husband, the Assistant U.S. 0 remove the Communist regServed EXCLUSIVELY af Haini's Leading Cultural Attache with a nine pound baby boy in Michigan June me in Germany is certainly no HOTELS RESTAURANTS & BY CONNOISSEURS 15th at 5 a.m. It's the Elly's second child... Henry Bradford Dar- 'ess strong than in June 1953, but 4 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD rach, Junior is spending a month vacation in Haiti... at present there is no hope of that. Workers' fists are poweress against Soviet tanks. EVERY SUNDAY NIGHT BF 62 (V-62 G.V. (IN-Bild) DANCE ON THE ROOF GARDENS P.R. G.F.R... at Hotel Choucoune You know 2 ARMENIA DELEGATION DUE MICHEL DESGROTTES MUSIC k'sa really fine A delegation from the RepubFREE ENTRANCE lic of Armenia is expected to Scotch when it's arrive in Port au Prince June E 17th and depart on the 20th. JOHNNIE (Le Jour" quoting an authorWALKER ized source broke the news Thursday evening. Mr. BEKIER VISITING Tilambeet Mr. Aleksander Bekier, CharJOHNNIE WALKER ge d'Affaires of Poland arrived IDENTITY PHOTOS - PASSPORT PHOTOS n town this week. The sympa- DEVELOPING ENLARGEMENTS REPRODUCTIONS Born 1820 aill going strong thetic diplomat who resides in Mexico has made many friends FASTEST SERVICE IN TOWN here during he visits. Avenue Marie-Jeanne, No. 5 - Cite de P'Exposition Exclusive Agent: LIONEI S. D'ADESKY REUNION OF ANCIENT STUDENTS OF Iusure Against the Fulire "CORNELL UNIVERSITY" Chatelet des Fleurs - Q % A reunion of former students Y N of "Cornell University" living in Si GARDEN PRODUCTS Haiti, was held at Restaurant Are Available Exclusively At "Le Reservoir" (Bourdon) FIRE CAR PERSONAL TRAVEL GroopB ERE AU LINCOLN GROCERIES Thursday evening. a The object of this reunion was and RIGAUD GROCERIES 2 work out a welcome-program High Class Iceburg-Lettuce or the membene of the "Cornell Noruich Union Fire Insurance Lid Strawberries, Broccoli, Water-Cress University Theatre" who will arLe JOSEPHY NADAL &CO AGENT ve in Port au Prince by PAA 4 L PHONC 2238-3486 With Unsurpassed Standards of Food-Purity 131 on June 19th at12:45 p.m. --- Page 15 --- PAGE 16 HAITISUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 19 Voyagez par.. burg-Lettuce or the membene of the "Cornell Noruich Union Fire Insurance Lid Strawberries, Broccoli, Water-Cress University Theatre" who will arLe JOSEPHY NADAL &CO AGENT ve in Port au Prince by PAA 4 L PHONC 2238-3486 With Unsurpassed Standards of Food-Purity 131 on June 19th at12:45 p.m. --- Page 15 --- PAGE 16 HAITISUN SUNDAY JUNE 17, 19 Voyagez par.. AIR FRANCE CONSULTEZ RANCE VOTREACENT BOEING ET CARAVELLE. LES 2 MEILLEURS *JETS. SUR LE PLUS GRAND RESEAU DU MONDE DEVOYACE Purism And Prescriptivism As Applied To The Carribbean Creole If the designation Internal be allowed for this kind of prescrip-1 conservative: linguist would probably concede to be at least marg- Biblical translations, none oft tivism, then perhaps the term External will be allowed for thel inal to language. extremely well-informed peor type which, e.g., in Haiti, tries to "build" the Creole toward an- Applying the criterion of External or Internal prescriptivism to to whom. I talked at Universi other language. The. Gallicizing bias of Haitian prescriptivism is the English-based Creoles is a touchy matter, one which isi likely College of the West Indies observable everywhere. Even the adult education program's ex- to offend some and to. provoke controversy, Furthermore, it pro- aware of it. The few missiona cellent and eminently practical M'ap Aprann Li which, with ac- vides a real challenge for a dichotomous classification which was es to whom I was able tota companying records and ingenious finger phonograph, seems ex- meant to be only provisional. On the English-speakcing islands, with assured me that they used -on cellently planned to teach the adult Haitan how to read Creole, has the exception, of course, of places like St. Lucia where English Standard English, although tie as an ulterior motive teaching him how to read French-which, is the official language and a French Creole the popular language, admitted frequent difficulties probably, he does not speak! The introduction by Lelio Faublas-reveryone tends to believe that he speaks only English, although communication. chief of the Section, specifies that an adaptation of the orthography he may be pathetically ready to depreciate his brand of English in liv kreol Lobak- la ("the book of Creole according to Laubach') and to admit that it is inferior to "good" English: Prescriptivism (Continued in next edition has been made paske liv sa-a pemet nou li franse pi vit... ('becauser there certainly is, in an abundance perhaps unrivalled anywhere this book permits us to read French more quickly"). else. Presented with the dilemma or calling the prescriptivism This same change in the orthography of McConnell and Laubach on his island Internal of External, the resident of the "Englishis observable in the American Bible Society transiations-almoet speaking" islands would almost undoubtedly chose the former. MISS FISHER the only things available for the newly literate Creole to read. Yet there are more complications than this attitude would indicate. The adaptations are said to be designed to "bring the language People like Cassidy, in Jamaica Talk, are frequently, although TAKE B. A... closer to French." (Those were the exact words of the bookstore with some hesitation, forced beck on the term bilingualis n to-declerk who sold me a copy.) Such adaptations as replacing the Mc seribe the situation. Le Page regards the relationship between Connell-Laubach system's with ou, leaving the ou as a vowel broad Jamaican Creole and Standard English on that island to graph unchanged, may or may not facilitate the transition to the read- be equivalent to the relationship between the: Creole and French (Continued from page 1) ing of French. (They will NOT, obviously, help teach the monolingual on Haiti. the exact words of the bookstore with some hesitation, forced beck on the term bilingualis n to-declerk who sold me a copy.) Such adaptations as replacing the Mc seribe the situation. Le Page regards the relationship between Connell-Laubach system's with ou, leaving the ou as a vowel broad Jamaican Creole and Standard English on that island to graph unchanged, may or may not facilitate the transition to the read- be equivalent to the relationship between the: Creole and French (Continued from page 1) ing of French. (They will NOT, obviously, help teach the monolingual on Haiti. Yet there are more shadings and intervening stages in janville of the Sacr with College Creole to do anything French!) They result in some odd tran- Jamaica and on other English-speaking islands, and popular feel- Heart, Purchases, New York scriptions of Creole. By such a transcription, it becomes imposs ing is distinetly unlike that of the places in which there is a clear May 28th. ible to indicate the difference between rual "wheel and rwa distinction between the prestige language and the Creole. Structking'; both become roua. Thus, Hall's beautiful methodology, in urally, Jamaican Creole as well as the other English-vocabulary which the dissylabie form has two vowel symbols and the mono- Creoles are as West Afriean as anything in tne Caribbean; Cassi- Miss Fisher who maiored syllabic form has the symbol for a semi-vowel plus the symbol dy's recent studies prove that its vocabulary is more African than English was on the staff oftia for a vowel, retained quite well in the orthographically more con anything on the other islands. Yet something in the socio-linguistic Tower: (College yearbook(; wa ventional Laubach system, is lost. There may be reasons to de- picture keeps one less aware of the Creole here than perhaps any- Assistant feature editor for bate how great the loss is. There are few discourse sequences in where else. Aside from linguistic investigators like De Camp, the Centurion, college newspaper; which either wheel or king can occur, and other languages get people who occasionally treat the Creoles in written form follow contributor to Essay, the coll along with a certain amount of orthographic uncertainty (e.g., the procedures of dialect writers in the United States or in England, ege literary Magazine and English lead 'conducir" and lead 'plomo"). Ideally, even such a or in monolingual Spanish-speaking countries: chiefly, a rather member of the Mission Club and hypothesis as the one that the reading of French Is thereby facilit- condescending tendency to throw. around misspellings.. If even thel Dramatic Club. ated should not be dismissed without. a test. Father McConnell missionaries make any use of the Creole comparable to the Haitian himself admits, somewhat ruefully, it would seem, that the adult 9r9999y99 999999994 education project was going nowhere, for lack of support, until the Gallicization move picked it up. However, he does feel that the Gallicizing orthography limits efficiency in learning. S Here, at least, we have a correlation between prescriptivism and S a language activity-reading, which even the most militantly anti- à Caribbean Construction Co. SA. OLD Builders Of The Military City THEARD S Saierder Gen. Manager: Gerard N E S T Phone: 3955. P.O.BO 284 SCOTCH WIISKY roroaa à A a CASINO 6 thlony onlice et Duniey - 3 The Direction of the Casino International take a S pleasure to present to its amiable clients the Speca OLD COTLAND Stacle of the Season: morales sc0 nese "FOLIES ANTILLAISES" 2oR a MALEKY P in the lime-light, the Folklorie Troup of the Casino 16 Md a 6a sbhaturt Iht Sesneint ylag SHOW AT MIDNIGHT CHOICE MUSIC BY a THE CASINO INTERNATIONAL, a directed by the ( Agents: USINE A GLACE - MAESTEO QUESNEL DUROSEAT NATIONALE, S. A. Port au Prince, Haiti W.I. a 4 4 Rre & X X 66666666 s666eu0e6 eeeeeeeeece < < The' new board Communist regime. of Directors of the "Secours Catholique" is as follows: Mr. Daniel The demands of 17th June are Theard, President; Mr. Montrosier Dejean, Vice-President; R. P. still unfulfilled. They still form Roger Augustin, Secretary, General; Mr. Jean Mallebranche, Assis- the basis of the externally invitant Secretary General; Mr. Dupleix Pierre-Louis, Treasurer; Mme sible resistance directed against Adrien Massa, Dr. Odette L. Bertol, Mr. Nahoum Acra, Dalloz he Communist rulers. It can Beaulieu, Antoine Bervin, Lucien Cantave, Albert, Chancy, Jean even be said that the contradicClesca, Adrien Massa, Joseph Perrier, counselers... Captain Pierre ion between the demands of the Thomas, Chief of Immigration and Emigration Service, returned people and the political facts from a health trip to Washington... Dr. Jean Price-Mars has pub- has become more glaring. lished a new work titled: "De la Prehistoire d'Afrique a l'Histoire Thus the Labour Law Book ind'Haiti".. Rose- -Marie Roumain and Georges Auguste will exchange troduced in the meantime-it revows in a nuptial ceremony at Sacre Coeur Church on July 5th conditions Mhambatanatt at 6:30 p.m... We have received the first number of the weekly vork zulates and the provides general among other of Bistitts Sucrs, mis oute tte Co. newspaper "Message du Secours Catholique" edited at Port au hings for compulsory direction * Portrausp Be) paul Garbirede Antoine Bervin prianaben Prince. Mr. is the Director and Gerant responsable... f labour to employment outside Mr. Vales Jean-Louis Director of the Rural Development Division; the place of residence and Mr. Bernadotte Delisfort, Chief of the teaching personnel Section; above all the Communist wall of Mr. Hubert Alexandre, teacher at the prevocationelle School of La- 13th August 1961 against what borde; Mr. Leonce Guerrier, Specialist at CEP and Charles Denis, remained of freedom of moveDepartmental Inspector of West, received the diplomas and decor- nent in Berlin and Germany ations of Education Order at the' rank of Chevalier... Mr. Rodolphe re in irreconciliable contradicMoise, graduated of "Ecole des Beaux Arts" organize an exposiMMawstiatanrat ion to the desires of the people tion at the French Institute on June 30th... of Central Germany. The urge Mrs. Karen S. Elly, present her husband, the Assistant U.S. 0 remove the Communist regServed EXCLUSIVELY af Haini's Leading Cultural Attache with a nine pound baby boy in Michigan June me in Germany is certainly no HOTELS RESTAURANTS & BY CONNOISSEURS 15th at 5 a.m. It's the Elly's second child... Henry Bradford Dar- 'ess strong than in June 1953, but 4 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD rach, Junior is spending a month vacation in Haiti... at present there is no hope of that. Workers' fists are poweress against Soviet tanks. EVERY SUNDAY NIGHT BF 62 (V-62 G.V. (IN-Bild) DANCE ON THE ROOF GARDENS P.R. G.F.R... at Hotel Choucoune You know 2 ARMENIA DELEGATION DUE MICHEL DESGROTTES MUSIC k'sa really fine A delegation from the RepubFREE ENTRANCE lic of Armenia is expected to Scotch when it's arrive in Port au Prince June E 17th and depart on the 20th. JOHNNIE (Le Jour" quoting an authorWALKER ized source broke the news Thursday evening. Mr. BEKIER VISITING Tilambeet Mr. Aleksander Bekier, CharJOHNNIE WALKER ge d'Affaires of Poland arrived IDENTITY PHOTOS - PASSPORT PHOTOS n town this week. The sympa- DEVELOPING ENLARGEMENTS REPRODUCTIONS Born 1820 aill going strong thetic diplomat who resides in Mexico has made many friends FASTEST SERVICE IN TOWN here during he visits. Avenue Marie-Jeanne, No. Jour" quoting an authorWALKER ized source broke the news Thursday evening. Mr. BEKIER VISITING Tilambeet Mr. Aleksander Bekier, CharJOHNNIE WALKER ge d'Affaires of Poland arrived IDENTITY PHOTOS - PASSPORT PHOTOS n town this week. The sympa- DEVELOPING ENLARGEMENTS REPRODUCTIONS Born 1820 aill going strong thetic diplomat who resides in Mexico has made many friends FASTEST SERVICE IN TOWN here during he visits. Avenue Marie-Jeanne, No. 5 - Cite de P'Exposition Exclusive Agent: LIONEI S. D'ADESKY REUNION OF ANCIENT STUDENTS OF Iusure Against the Fulire "CORNELL UNIVERSITY" Chatelet des Fleurs Q A reunion of former students Y N of "Cornell University" living in Si GARDEN PRODUCTS Haiti, was held at Restaurant Are Available Exclusively At "Le Reservoir" (Bourdon) FIRE CAR PERSONAL TRAVEL GroopB ERE AU LINCOLN GROCERIES Thursday evening. a The object of this reunion was and RIGAUD GROCERIES 2 work out a welcome-program High Class Iceburg-Lettuce or the membene of the "Cornell Noruich Union Fire Insurance Lid Strawberries, Broccoli, Water-Cress University Theatre" who will arLe JOSEPHY NADAL &CO AGENT ve in Port au Prince by PAA 4 L PHONC 2238-3486 With Unsurpassed Standards of Food-Purity 131 on June 19th at12:45 p.m. — Page 15 — PAGE 16 SUNDAY JUNE 17, 19 Voyagez par.. AIR FRANCE CONSULTEZ RANCE VOTREACENT BOEING ET CARAVELLE. LES 2 MEILLEURS *JETS. SUR LE PLUS GRAND RESEAU DU MONDE DEVOYACE Purism And Prescriptivism As Applied To The Carribbean Creole If the designation Internal be allowed for this kind of prescrip-1 conservative: linguist would probably concede to be at least marg- Biblical translations, none oft tivism, then perhaps the term External will be allowed for thel inal to language. extremely well-informed peor type which, e.g., in Haiti, tries to "build" the Creole toward an- Applying the criterion of External or Internal prescriptivism to to whom. I talked at Universi other language. The. Gallicizing bias of Haitian prescriptivism is the English-based Creoles is a touchy matter, one which isi likely College of the West Indies observable everywhere. Even the adult education program's ex- to offend some and to. provoke controversy, Furthermore, it pro- aware of it. The few missiona cellent and eminently practical M'ap Aprann Li which, with ac- vides a real challenge for a dichotomous classification which was es to whom I was able tota companying records and ingenious finger phonograph, seems ex- meant to be only provisional. On the English-speakcing islands, with assured me that they used -on cellently planned to teach the adult Haitan how to read Creole, has the exception, of course, of places like St. Lucia where English Standard English, although tie as an ulterior motive teaching him how to read French-which, is the official language and a French Creole the popular language, admitted frequent difficulties probably, he does not speak! The introduction by Lelio Faublas-reveryone tends to believe that he speaks only English, although communication. chief of the Section, specifies that an adaptation of the orthography he may be pathetically ready to depreciate his brand of English in liv kreol Lobak- la ("the book of Creole according to Laubach') and to admit that it is inferior to "good" English: Prescriptivism (Continued in next edition has been made paske liv sa-a pemet nou li franse pi vit... Creole the popular language, admitted frequent difficulties probably, he does not speak! The introduction by Lelio Faublas-reveryone tends to believe that he speaks only English, although communication. chief of the Section, specifies that an adaptation of the orthography he may be pathetically ready to depreciate his brand of English in liv kreol Lobak- la ("the book of Creole according to Laubach') and to admit that it is inferior to "good" English: Prescriptivism (Continued in next edition has been made paske liv sa-a pemet nou li franse pi vit... ('becauser there certainly is, in an abundance perhaps unrivalled anywhere this book permits us to read French more quickly"). else. Presented with the dilemma or calling the prescriptivism This same change in the orthography of McConnell and Laubach on his island Internal of External, the resident of the "Englishis observable in the American Bible Society transiations-almoet speaking" islands would almost undoubtedly chose the former. MISS FISHER the only things available for the newly literate Creole to read. Yet there are more complications than this attitude would indicate. The adaptations are said to be designed to "bring the language People like Cassidy, in Jamaica Talk, are frequently, although TAKE B. A... closer to French." (Those were the exact words of the bookstore with some hesitation, forced beck on the term bilingualis n to-declerk who sold me a copy.) Such adaptations as replacing the Mc seribe the situation. Le Page regards the relationship between Connell-Laubach system's with ou, leaving the ou as a vowel broad Jamaican Creole and Standard English on that island to graph unchanged, may or may not facilitate the transition to the read- be equivalent to the relationship between the: Creole and French (Continued from page 1) ing of French. (They will NOT, obviously, help teach the monolingual on Haiti. Yet there are more shadings and intervening stages in janville of the Sacr with College Creole to do anything French!) They result in some odd tran- Jamaica and on other English-speaking islands, and popular feel- Heart, Purchases, New York scriptions of Creole. By such a transcription, it becomes imposs ing is distinetly unlike that of the places in which there is a clear May 28th. ible to indicate the difference between rual "wheel and rwa distinction between the prestige language and the Creole. Structking'; both become roua. Thus, Hall's beautiful methodology, in urally, Jamaican Creole as well as the other English-vocabulary which the dissylabie form has two vowel symbols and the mono- Creoles are as West Afriean as anything in tne Caribbean; Cassi- Miss Fisher who maiored syllabic form has the symbol for a semi-vowel plus the symbol dy's recent studies prove that its vocabulary is more African than English was on the staff oftia for a vowel, retained quite well in the orthographically more con anything on the other islands. Yet something in the socio-linguistic Tower: (College yearbook(; wa ventional Laubach system, is lost. There may be reasons to de- picture keeps one less aware of the Creole here than perhaps any- Assistant feature editor for bate how great the loss is. There are few discourse sequences in where else. Aside from linguistic investigators like De Camp, the Centurion, college newspaper; which either wheel or king can occur, and other languages get people who occasionally treat the Creoles in written form follow contributor to Essay, the coll along with a certain amount of orthographic uncertainty (e.g., the procedures of dialect writers in the United States or in England, ege literary Magazine and English lead 'conducir" and lead 'plomo"). Ideally, even such a or in monolingual Spanish-speaking countries: chiefly, a rather member of the Mission Club and hypothesis as the one that the reading of French Is thereby facilit- condescending tendency to throw. around misspellings.. If even thel Dramatic Club. ated should not be dismissed without. a test. Father McConnell missionaries make any use of the Creole comparable to the Haitian himself admits, somewhat ruefully, it would seem, that the adult 9r9y99 94 education project was going nowhere, for lack of support, until the Gallicization move picked it up. such a or in monolingual Spanish-speaking countries: chiefly, a rather member of the Mission Club and hypothesis as the one that the reading of French Is thereby facilit- condescending tendency to throw. around misspellings.. If even thel Dramatic Club. ated should not be dismissed without. a test. Father McConnell missionaries make any use of the Creole comparable to the Haitian himself admits, somewhat ruefully, it would seem, that the adult 9r9y99 94 education project was going nowhere, for lack of support, until the Gallicization move picked it up. However, he does feel that the Gallicizing orthography limits efficiency in learning. S Here, at least, we have a correlation between prescriptivism and S a language activity-reading, which even the most militantly anti- à Caribbean Construction Co. SA. OLD Builders Of The Military City THEARD S Saierder Gen. Manager: Gerard N E S T Phone: 3955. P.O.BO 284 SCOTCH WIISKY roroaa à A a CASINO 6 thlony onlice et Duniey 3 The Direction of the Casino International take a S pleasure to present to its amiable clients the Speca OLD COTLAND Stacle of the Season: morales sc0 nese "FOLIES ANTILLAISES" 2oR a MALEKY P in the lime-light, the Folklorie Troup of the Casino 16 Md a 6a sbhaturt Iht Sesneint ylag SHOW AT MIDNIGHT CHOICE MUSIC BY a THE CASINO INTERNATIONAL, a directed by the Agents: USINE A GLACE MAESTEO QUESNEL DUROSEAT NATIONALE, S. A. Port au Prince, Haiti W.I. a 4 4 Rre & X X 6 s6eu0e6 ece < <